Goniometer-telescopes

A goniometer telescope was used to observe the sessile water drops and to measure their contact angles. The water drops were applied to the surface from a microburet which was firmly mounted on a micromanipulator. Contact was maintained between the water drop and the capillary tip of the microburet, thus allowing water to be added to or withdrawn from the drop in determining hysteresis. The capillary was a needle of sufficiently small dimension not to distort materially the sphericity of the drop s surface. All measurements were made at room temperature, which ranged from 23°-25°C. 

The telescope on the Raxis IV++ is mounted at 45° to the ip axis and the goniometer is locked onto the (p axis and the crystal centred as described under (see Centring crystals above). 

Small telescope with cross hairs attached to a goniometer (an angle-measuring device) or enlarged photograph... 

The crystal, mounted on a goniometer head, is placed in the appropriate portion of the instrument that will be used to measure intensities. Then the crystal is viewed through the eyepiece of a telescope mounted... 

The goniometer head is mounted on the (p circle of the diffractometer. The head has three mutually orthogonal micrometric screws, which permit optical centering of the crystal in the center of rotation of all diffractometer axes. The crystal must not appear to process at all when viewed through the telescope (or a video camera) mounted on the... 

The contact angle can be measured using a telescope fitted with a goniometer eye piece. Alternatively, it can be measured by taking a photograph or using image analysis. 

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