Gonadotrophin structure

Periodate Oxidation, Acid Hydrolysis, and Structure-Activity Relationships of Human Pituitary, Follicle-Stimulating Hormone, and Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin, J. F. Kennedy, M. F. Chaplin, and M. Stacey, Carbohydr. Res. 36 (1974) 369-377. 

If fertilisation does not occur, the corpus luteum regresses and the levels of oestrogen and progesterone fall. However, if fertilisation does occur, the corpus luteum is maintained. Regression of the corpus luteum is prevented by the implanting blastocyst which secretes a hormone, human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG). This occurs about a week after fertilisation. The structure of this hormone is similar to that of LH and it takes on the role of LH in maintenance of the corpus luteum. To do this, it binds to the LH receptor... 

Mesterolone provides oral therapy its molecular structure is such that its hypothalamic feedback inhibition of pituitary gonadotrophin secretion is less and it does not cause liver injury (see below). 

Fernandez-Ruiz JJ, Munoz RM, Romero J, Villanua MA, Makryannis A, Ramos JA (1997) Time course of the effects of different cannabimimetics on prolactin and gonadotrophin secretion evidence for the presence of CBl receptors in hypothalamic structures and their involvement in the effects of cannabimimetics. Biochem Pharmacol 53 1919-1927... 

A hybrid protein molecule, which may be regarded as a structural analogue of ricin, has been synthesized from the toxic A sub-unit of the lectin and the cell-specific /3-sub-unit of human chorionic gonadotrophin. The biological... 

The 0-glycosically linked carbohydrate chains of fetuin have been cleaved from the protein by alkaline borohydride treatment. Structural analysis revealed the existence of tri- and tetra-saccharides linked 0-glycosidically to L-serine or L-threonine and having structures identical to those previously identified for bovine K-casein and human chorionic gonadotrophin [(27) and (28)]. The A-glycosidically linked chains of fetuin have been assigned structures (36) %r (37). ... 

Cells have been isolated from many organs, including the pituitary, adrenal and thyroid glands, the testes and the corpus luteum. They have been used, without being maintained in vitro, for assaying the relevant hormones. Possibly the most used of such bioassays are those for LH and the structurally similar human chorionic gonadotrophin. The isolated cell bioassay of LH is used here as an example. This is an unusual isolated cell bioassay because it does assay the plasma directly in most other assays the isolated cells have become modified so that plasma is cytotoxic to them. 

As early as 1936, it was realised that diffuse electrical stimuli applied to the head or lumbar spinal cord of rabbits [6] or rats [7] enhance adenohypophysial activity. In an attempt to delimit the neural structures involved, closely localised electrical stimuli were applied directly to regions of the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary gland of anaesthetised animals. Electrical stimulation of the pituitary gland was ineffective in causing gonadotrophin release but such stimulation was fully effective when applied to discreet areas of the hypothalamus... 

Figure 4.3. Structures of gonadotrophin releasing hormone and some synthetic arudogues...

Structural analyses of the L-asparagine-1 inked (33) and L-serine-linked (34) oligosaccharide chains of human chorionic gonadotrophin have been performed. ... 

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