Gold hypochlorite

A. J. Balard found that gold or platinum are not affected by hypochlorous acid, either alone or mixed with sulphuric or nitric acid. The last-named mixture, however, would probably act on both metals owing to the formation of free chlorine. No gold hypochlorite has yet been prepared. 

Ammonia, anhydrous Mercury, halogens, hypochlorites, chlorites, chlorine(I) oxide, hydrofluoric acid (anhydrous), hydrogen peroxide, chromium(VI) oxide, nitrogen dioxide, chromyl(VI) chloride, sulflnyl chloride, magnesium perchlorate, peroxodisul-fates, phosphorus pentoxide, acetaldehyde, ethylene oxide, acrolein, gold(III) chloride... 

The immunoreplica technique (14) is used when it is necessary to detect antigenic sites on the plasma membrane of cultured cells. The cells are cultured on coverslips, and are fixed as described above depending on the antibody in question, and immunolabeled in situ as described in Section 3.1.1.2., steps 3-9. After immunolabeling (Section 3.1.1.2., step 9), they are further fixed with 1% osmium tetroxide and are dehydrated in a graded series of ethanol (70, 90, 100%), critically point-dried, and replicated with a layer of carbon and platinum, The replicas are cleaned with sodium hypochlorite and chronic acid before examination with the transmission electron microscope. Large areas of the replicated plasma membrane remain intact for observation. Colloidal gold probes are probably the only probes of sufficient density that can be detected on these surfaces. 

Cl, from which hypochlorite is generated, are sufficient to oxidize AuSTm to gold(in). The gold(lll) species are not immunogenic but hkely react with proteins to generate antigenic species and may carry oxidizing equivalents from the site of the oxidative burst to other cells or macromolecules. 

Gold, M.B., Bongiovanni, R., Scharf, B.A. (1993). Hypochlorite solution as a decontaminant in sulfur mustard contaminated skin defects in the euthymic hairless guinea pig. Proceedings of the U.S. Army Medical Defense Bioscience Review, Baltimore, MD, pp. 369-78. 

Also, the agents used to decontaminate children should be careftiUy selected. Bleach or hypochlorite solutions are not recommended for use with children due to the possibility of skin irritation or damage (Rotenberg et al, 2003). Water is the gold standard for decontamination. When employing water decontamination, the temperature of the water must be addressed. Children, especially newborns and infants, are prone to hypothermia and hemodynamic instability from cold water. Water at a comfortable temperature is recommended along with a good supply of blankets which can be used to quickly warm up pediatric patients after water decontamination. In some situations, indoor sprinkler systems have been used when outdoor conditions were inhospitable. 

Decontamination of conventional wounds in a contaminated environment continues to be a major concern. Researchers have looked at the effect of bleach decontamination on damaged skin exposed to CWAs. Gold et al. (1994) evaluated the effects of water or diluted bleach (0.5%) as a wound decontaminant 2 min after hairless guinea pig was exposed to sulfur mustard. The study found that 0.5% hypochlorite and even water soaking for 5 min in a wound contaminated with sulfur mustard (20 mg/kg) cause greater necrosis than when no decontamination was carried out. This does not mean that the wound should not be decontaminated but rather that bleach soaking in the wound is not the route to decontaminant. 

ACETIC ACID, AMMONIUM SALT (631-61-8) Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, ammonium nitrate, chlorine trifluoride, magnesium, potassium nitrite, sodium chlorate, sodium hypochlorite. Incompatible with nitrates. Forms a heat-sensitive explosive with 5-azidotetrazole. Reacts with gold chloride, forming fulminating gold, a heat-, friction-, and impact-sensitive explosive. Incompatible with sodium dichloroisocyanurate. 

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