Glyoxylate reductase

Glyoxylate reductase [EC 1.1.1.26] catalyzes the reversible reaction of glycolate with NAD+ to produce glyoxylate and NADH. The enzyme will also catalyze the NADH-dependent interconversion of hydroxypyruvate to D-glycerate. Glyoxylate reductase (NADPH) [EC... 

GLYOXYLATE REDUCTASE HISTIDINOL DEHYDROGENASE HOMOISOCITRATE DEHYDROGENASE HOMOSERINE DEHYDROGENASE HYDROGEN DEHYDROGENASE... 

NICOTINAMIDE COENZYMES (SREC-TRAL PROPERTIES) NADH-dependent enzymes, AQUACOBALAMIN REDUCTASES BENZENE 1,2-DIOXYGENASE DEHYDROASCORBATE REDUCTASE GLUTAMATE SYNTHASE GLYOXYLATE REDUCTASE 3-HYDROXYBENZOATE 6-MONOOXY-GENASE... 

Glycolic acid is HO.CHj.COOH, with pK, = 3.83 (see Chapter 6). Glyoxylate is converted into glycolate by glyoxylate reductase. 

Glycolate dehydrogenase of the previous paragraph must not be confused with glyoxylate reductases. These catalyze ... 

Chloroplasts contain a specific glyoxylate reductase active with NADPH as coenzyme an enzyme in peroxisomes that catalyzes glyoxylate reduction by NADH is not specific and probably functions mainly as hydroxypyruvate reductase (Tolbert et al., 1970) (this is discussed in Section II,A,2). These enzymes could conceivably be involved in the oxidation of glycolate to provide glyoxylate for synthesis of glycine. 

It has often been assumed that NADH-glyoxylate reductase (GR) and NADH-HPR are identical (7, 8). Evidence from Table 1, where NADH-GR activity in the mutant plant was reduced by only 20% as compared to the wild-type, would strongly suggest that the majority of NADH-GR activity is not catalysed by the same enzyme as NADH-HPR activity in crude extracts of barley. 

Fig. 26.2. Differential diagnosis of hyperoxalurias. UOx, urinary oxalate POx, plasma oxalate PP, renal failure CAPDy continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis pre-HDy prehemodialysis AGTy alanine glyoxylate aminotransferase GP, glyoxylate reductase...

Rumsby G, Cregeen DP Identification and expression of a cDNA for human hydroxypyruvate/glyoxylate reductase. Biochim Biophys Acta 1999 1446 383-388. 

Type II (L-glyceric aciduria) L-glyceric and oxalic acids D-Glycerate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.29) (glyoxylate reductase) 16.3.2... 

---