Glycosyl diacylglycerols

Figure 12.13 Glycosyl diacylglycerol structure. The carbohydrate, which may be either a monosaccharide or a disaccharide residue, is attached by a glycosidic linkage to the sn-3 position of glycerol.

Diacylglycerols Monoacylglycerols Cerebrosides Glycosyl diacylglycerols Sulpholipids... 

N.L. Nguyen, J. Dedier, H.T. Nguyen, G. Siegaud, Synthesis and characterization of thermotropic amphiphilic liquid crystals Semiperfluoroalkyl- 8-D-glu-copyranosides, Liq. Cryst., 27, 1451(2000) H.M. Von Minden, M. Morr, G. Milkereit, E. Heinz, V. Vill, Synthesis and mesogenic properties of glycosyl diacylglycerols, Chem. Phys. Lipids, 114, 55 (2002). 

Heinze, F. J., Linscheid, M., and Heinz, E. (1984) Release of diacylglycerol moieties from various glycosyl diglycerides, Anal. Biochem. 139, 126-133. 

They are especially abundant in many parasitic protozoa and may carry additional glycosyl groupsT Regulation of phospholipid synthesis, which has been studied in detail in yeast, is complex but highly coordinated. The committed step in the synthesis of PE and PC is the hydrolysis of phosphatidafe (PA) by a phosphafase to generate diacylglycerols (Fig. 

Rather, recent evidence suggests that stimulation of membrane inositol phospho-lid metabolism with production of inositol triphosphate and diacylglycerol as second messengers may be involved (2). TRH stimulates glycosylation of TSH but does not increase production of the messenger RNA species for the alpha and beta subunits of TSH (3). 

Once phosphatidic acid is formed it can be converted to diacylglycerol by phosphatidic acid phosphatase. This is a key enzyme which, although catabolic, is involved in synthetic reactions-namely triacylglycerol, phosphoglyceride and glycosyl-glyceride formation. Phosphatidic acid phosphatase activity has been reported in various animal (Bell... 

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