Glycopolymers synthesis

Figure 8 (a) Click glycopolymer synthesis and characterization data where x= 1 (Tri), 2 (Tr2), 3 (Tr3), or4 (Tr4).The degree of polymerization has been systematically varied from 35 to 100 [4,26], (b) Transfection data as determined by luciferase reporter gene assays in HeLa cells with polyplexes formed from Tr4 at N/P = 7 (PEI N/P = 5). As the degree of polymerization increases, the transfection efficiency increases, both in the presence and absence of serum (DMEM and Opti-MEM, respectively). In the absence of serum, the toxicity also dramatically increases with the polymer length. Part b adapted from Srinivasachari, S. Liu, Y. Prevette, L. E. Reineke, T. M. Biomaterials 2007, 28,2885. ... 

The introduction of the concept of Click chemistry, as a family of organic reactions that fulfil certain criteria drawn by Sharpless and coworkers in 2001 [194], has indeed captured the attention of synthetic chemists in the field of postpolymerization modification towards glycopolymer synthesis [32]. The most widely employed Click reaction is the CuAAC reaction. ATRP has been used extensively in conjunction with CuAAC Click chemistry. This is probably because both techniques are mediated by Cu(I). Moreover, the halogen chain ends of polymers prepared using ATRP can easily be transformed into azides to form what is known as azido-telechelic polymers. Many examples of glycopolymers prepared by the combination of Click chemistry and ATRP have been reported [32, 99]. 

Lu FZ, Meng JQ, Du FS, Li ZC, Zhang BY (2005) Pyrene end-labeled diblock glycopolymers synthesis and aggregation. Macnnnol Chem Phys 206(4) 513-520... 

Figure 1.5 N-based ligands used for glycopolymer synthesis via...

Figure 1.9 Selected examples of a) RAFT agents and b) initiators used for glycopolymer synthesis...

Since the first reported glycopolymer synthesis using the RAFT method (polymerisation of 2-methacryloxyethyl glucoside in aqueous media) by Lowe and co-workers in 2003 [96], several research groups have exploited this technique to prepare well-defined linear... 

Scheme 1.11 General reaction of aminated sugar with polymers having pendant active carbonyl groups for glycopolymer synthesis...

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