Glucose oxidation mechanism

The fits in this case are not as good as the ones obtained for the penicillin case (Figs. 2.10 and 2.11). This is due to the fact that the glucose oxidation mechanism is not yet completely understood and the kinetic equations are only approximate. Nevertheless, it is again possible to plot the profiles of the most important species in the gel layer and from this fit to estimate the optimum thickness of the gel layer (Fig. 2.17). For the glucose sensor, the optimum thickness appears to be 150pm,... 

The results of the kinetic investigations proved that glucose oxidation mechanism is the same as established for other substances oxidized in the presence of this catalytic system. The kinetic equation of gluconic acid formation rate appears as follows ... 

Figure 3.24 Molecular mechanism of glucose oxidation with gold nanoparticles (Au/C) [175].

Randle, P.J., Priestman, D.A., Mistry, S., and Halsall, A. 1994. Mechanisms modifying glucose oxidation in diabetes mellitus. Diabetologia 37(Suppl 2) S 155—S161. 

MTP-1403 (91) and MTP-1307 (92) are able to improve glucose tolerance in normal rats and in insulin-resistant mice and lower fasting plasma glucose in rats but not in insulin-deficient diabetic animals. In rats, the hypogly-caemic effect is accompanied by an increase in insulin levels, more pronounced with MTP-1307 than with MTP-1403. The mechanism of action is unknown. In vitro MTP-1307 inhibits gluconeogenesis in hepatocytes and glucose oxidation in adipose tissue, at 0.1 to 3 mM [397]. 

T. L. Broderick, A. Quinney, C. Barker, G. Lopaschuk, Beneficial effect of carnitine on mechanical recovery of rat hearts reperfused after a transient period of global ischemia is accompanied by a stimulation of glucose oxidation, Circulation 87,972-981 (1993). 

P.J. Randle, A. L. Kerbey, and J. Espinal, Mechanisms decreasing glucose oxidation in diabetes and starvation role of lipid fuels and hormones, Diabetes Metab. Rev., 1988, 4, 623-638. 

Sugdcn, M. C.p and Holness, M. J. 2003. Recent advances in mechanisms regulating glucose oxidation at the level of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex by PDKs. A)n. /. Physiol. Endocrinoi Metab. 284 E855-E862. 

Mechanism of Action. TSH and LATS cause similar effects on glucose oxidation, P uptake (F2), and iodine release (E6). The time course is delayed, presumably due to the molecular size of the LATS. Antihuman TSH antibody did not inhibit the effect of LATS on P uptake into phospholipids or on glucose oxidation. As stated above (M13) proteolytic digestion of LATS makes it a short-acting thyroid stimulator. 

Early explanations of the mechanism of action of tetracyclines involved their demonstrated ability to inhibit various bacterial enzymes that catalyzed such biochemically essential reactions as glucose oxidation and oxidative phosphorylations. Their ability effectively to chelate di- and trivalent metallic ions was also invoked in the theorization. However, at clinically achievable serum levels the bacteriostatic effects of tetracyclines are now accepted to involve primarily direct inhibition of protein synthesis. 

Sekae N, Li j and Shechtee Y (1996) Vanadium salts as insulin substitutes mechanisms of action, a scientific and therapeutic tool in diabetes meUitus research. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 31 339—359. Shechtee Y and Kaelish SJD (1980) Insulin-like stimulation of glucose oxidation in rat adipocytes by vanadyl (IV) ions. Nature 284 556-558. 

---