Gluconate, additive

The trend in architectural applications has been towards more matt finishes, and the sodium hydroxide-based etchants used frequently contain additives such as sodium nitrate or nitrite or sodium fluoride. Chelating agents such as gluconates, heptonates or sorbitol are added to complex the aluminium produced, and other additives such as sulphides may be present in the etchant to complex zinc dissolved from the alloy, and allow it to be used continuously without dumping ... 

All of the gluconates can be used as a cement or plaster additive where they retard setting times whilst increasing the strength and water resistance of the materials. 

Hie two main differences between caldum gluconate and sodium gluconate production are that, in the latter, pH control is performed by addition of sodium hydroxide and the initial glucose concentration is different... 

During sodium gluconate formation, pH control is by addition of sodium hydroxide. 

Under the strongly alkaline conditions of mercerising, addition of either gluconate or triethanolamine with a little HEDP is useful. The presence of a polycarboxylate helps to prevent precipitation on machine components. 

Manganese gluconate [Mn(C H 0 )] is used as a food additive, a vitamin, and a dietary supplement (also manganese glycerophosphate). It is found in green leafy vegetables, legumes, (peas and beans), and brewer s yeast. 

The radiopharmaceutical syntheses of complexes with the [ TcO S 4] core is generally achieved by addition of an excess of the appropriate dithiol to in hw-generated Tc gluconate. The same strategy can also be applied to the synthesis of complexes with Tc, and many [99mTcO S 4] derivatives have been prepared. " ... 

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