Global Supply Chains and Potential for Exposure

The EU Risk Assessment included an estimate of emissions of 1,4-DCB during production and use within the European Union during the early 1990s as shown in Table 4.5 [57]. (Recall from the previous discussion that of the 14,494 tonnes of 1,4-DCB consumed per year at that time, 49% was used as an intermediate, 22% toilet blocks/air fresheners, 28% moth repellents, and 0.7% grinding wheels.) Although the manufacture of air fresheners and moth repellants accounted for about half of the consumption of 1,4-DCB, the manufacture and use of those products accounted for just over 90% of the estimated releases. 

From formulation of air fresheners or moth repellants Negligible 72.4 Negligible 

From use in production grinding wheels Negligible 100 Negligible 

The risk assessors used the BUSES model to estimate exposure concentrations from these emissions. At steady state, the model predicted the following environmental concentrations (PECs) [57]  

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