Glass and pottery

Feldspars are the most abundant minerals in the earth s crust, accounting for about 60% of all igneous rocks. They are derivatives of silica in which about one-half or one-quarter of the silicon atoms have been replaced by aluminum. Feldspar is used in the manufacture of certain types of glass and pottery. Some feldspar crystals, such as moonstone (white perthilte), Amazon stone (green microcline), and multicolored labradorite, are used as gem stones and in architectural decorations. Some are used as a coating and filler in the production of paper. 

Neutron activation analysis (NAA), based on the interaction of the object material with fast neutrons, has been used in the identification and determination of the content of elements present in pigments, coins and alloys, stone, glass, and pottery [26]. Multi-elemental analysis (about 20 elements) can be performed on small samples off less than 5 mg, with sensitivities in the ppm range. The requirement of a nuclear reactor, the handling of radioactive materials, and the time-consuming procedures required for preparing the samples are the main drawbacks of this technique. 

Uranium was discovered in 1789 in pitchblende from Joachimisthal by M. H. Klaproth, though he isolated the oxide and not the metal. " 63 As part of the celebration of Klaproth s discovery, his lectures have been published, together with notes taken by his student, the philosopher Schopenhauer.64-66 At first the only use that could be found for uranium was to impart a yellow colour to glass and pottery glazes.67... 

Uses used in the manufacture of soap, glass, and pottery... 

When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of d and K2O. Used in the manufacture of soap, glass, and pottery. See also CHLORATES. 

In dishwashing, one must consider soil and surfactant adsorption to both polar and nonpolar surfaces. Metals (aluminum, stainless steel, carbon steel, cast iron, silver, and tin), siliceous surfaces (china, glass, and pottery), and organics (polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and wood) present a wide variety of surface characteristics. They span the range of high interfacial free energy (metals and many ceramics) to low interfacial free energy (hydrocarbon polymers) surfaces [27,28],... 

Contact allergy to cobalt is common and is often associated with concomitant allergy to nickel or chromate (Chaps. 66, 67). This is interpreted as simultaneous sensitization due to combined exposure, because nickel is often contaminated with cobalt, and cement contains chromium as well as cobalt. Solitary cobalt allergy is seen mainly among hard-metal workers (Chap. 68) and in the glass and pottery industries. 

Discovery Cobalt minerals were used in antiquity to give blue coloring to glass and pottery. The Swedish chemist Georg Brandt (1694-1768) investigated the color cobalts and found a new element that he named cobalt. He was also the first to isolate cobalt in the metallic state in 1735. 

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