Glass additives fiber

TaF has been characterized by ir, Raman, x-ray diffraction, and mass spectrometry (3,11,12). TaF has been used as a superacid catalyst for the conversion of CH to gasoline-range hydrocarbons (qv) (12) in the manufacture of fluoride glass and fluoride glass optical fiber preforms (13), and incorporated in semiconductor devices (14). TaF is also a catalyst for the Hquid-phase addition of HF to polychlorinated ethenes (15). The chemistry of TaF has been reviewed (1,16—19). Total commercial production for TaF is thought to be no more than a few hundred kilograms aimuaHy. 

Disodium Tetraborate, In the Urhted States, anhydrous borax finds most apphcation in the glass industry for enamels, borosihcate glass, and fiber glass insulation. It is also used as an antifreeze additive and as an algicide in industrial water. 

Other multiphase systems involving polymers include composite materials produced by mixing polymers with filler particles in order to modify their mechanical properties or conductivity. Typical additives include carbon black, clay, silica, and glass beads/fiber and understanding the interactions between the filler and the polymer matrix has implications for the performance of such materials. For example, carbon black has been used extensively as a reinforcing filler in a number of applications such as automotive tires and can also be blended with insulators such as semicrystalline PF to produce conductive composites used in electrical products. 

Addition of flbrous material (glass, carbon fiber, stainless steel, aramid) to minimize fiber attrition. 

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