Tin—germanium bonds

Element-element bonds, addition to G-G multiple bonds arsenic—selenium bonds, 10, 782 boron—boron bonds, 10, 727 boron—sulfur bonds, 10, 778 B-S and B-Ge bonds, 10, 758 chalcogen—chalcogen additions, 10, 752 germanium—germanium bonds, 10, 747 germanium-tin bonds, 10, 780 overview, 10, 725-787 phosphorus—phosphorus bonds, 10, 751 phosphorus—selenium bonds, 10, 782 phosphorus-sulfur bonds, 10, 781 Se-Si and Se-Ge bonds, 10, 779 silicon-germanium bonds, 10, 770 silicon-phosphorus bonds, 10, 780 silicon-silicon bonds, 10, 734 silicon-sulfur bonds, 10, 779 silicon-tin bonds, 10, 770 tin-boron bonds, 10, 767 tin-tin bonds, 10, 748... 

Pd(0)-catalyzed insertion of acetylenes into germanium-tin bonds have been reported by Piers (Scheme 11.34) [54]. Because germyl groups attached to sp carbon can be readily transformed into iodide with retention of the stereochemistry, this reaction is a novel method for the preparation of stereochemicaUy defined tet-ra-substituted alkenes. 

Compare and contrast the chemistry of silicon, germanium, tin and lead by referring to the properties and bond types of their oxides and chlorides. 

Recently, Schleyer and co-workers reported a theoretical study on the stabilities and geometries of a series of carbonyl type compounds, R2M=0 (M = C, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb R = H, CH3), and those of carbene type isomers [R(RO)M ] as shown in Table II.15 These results show that in (CH3)2 M=0 series the carbene type structure is more stable than the double bond type structure in the case of germanium, tin, and lead, unlike the case of carbon in which the double bond structure is preferred. 

In this section the PES investigations on compounds containing C=C and/or C=C groups, bonded directly or through saturated carbon to germanium, tin or lead, are described36,73 82-96. As for the aromatic derivatives, most of these discussions deal with the existence and the extent of a-jt and/or d -p hyperconjugation in different series of molecules. 

Acidity, complexing, basicity and H-bonding of organic germanium, tin and lead compounds experimental and computational results ... 

The aim of this review is to focus on the hydrogen bonding, the acidity and basicity, complexing as well as some aspects of computational chemistry concerning the organo-element chemistry of germanium, tin and lead. This chapter is not exhaustive in scope, but rather consists of surveys of the most recent decade of work in this still developing area. This chapter emphasizes the synthesis, reactions and molecular structures of the class of... 

The carbon atom is not the only atom which produces chiral centres in organic compounds. Silicon, germanium, tin, or N (in quaternary salts or N-oxides) whose bonds point towards the comers of a tetrahedron also form optically active compounds provided the groups are different. 

Although substitutions at germanium and tin bonded to transition metals are well known, only a few reports describe substitutions at silicon - . 

Formation of two bonds between a four-atom fragment and a group IV element atom provides a route to various germanium, tin and lead heterocycles, especially to 1,3-diheterametallacyclo-pentanes and -cyclopentenes. Different types of reactants and reactions are used depending on target molecule structures. 

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