Geosynthetic-encased columns

The following sections provide a basic overview on modeling, design, and the corresponding requirements for geosynthetic reinforcement, with an emphasis on basal-reinforced embankments, geotextile-encased columns (GECs), and pded embankments. 

The degree of use (or safety margin) of the system which is computed strongly depends on the soft soil parameters and can be controlled by varying the ring tensile stiffness modulus and strength of the geosynthetic encasement, the column radius, and the column layout pattern. 

The use of geotextiles to reinforce soft foundation soils has progressed from the earliest applications some 40 years ago to the current status of widespread use and success. This chapter presents three major application areas (1) basal reinforcement, (2) geotextile-encased granular columns, and (3) geosynthetic piled foundations. In addition to the descriptions, elements of design, and information on performance, a specific project example was given for each topic. Further advances can and should be made, but we beheve that the current state of the practice in the selected applications is properly reflected here. 

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