Genetic code characteristics

The vector of properties is a kind of chromosome, a code that defines the genotype of the individual. This sequence of values specifies the "genetic makeup" that (possibly uniquely) defines the animal. In Daisy s case, not all of the animal s characteristics are defined by her biological genetic code we have included in the vector other characteristics that would help to pick her out from the kine (cattle) crowd. In a similar way, a single GA solution can be constructed as a "chromosome" or genome in vector form, which contains all the information needed to define the potential solution to a scientific problem. 

Characteristics of the genetic code include specificity, universality, and redundancy, and it is nonoverlapping and commaless. 

Genes and chromosomes, the biological units of heredity, are also chemical units. The strands of DNA carry the genetic code, the information needed for the transmission of heritable features, in their sequence or arrangement of nucleotides. This is the basis for the transmission of chemical information and biological characteristics from one generation to the next. 

The characteristics of the genetic code render it a suitable object for a mathematical discussion. The facts that have influenced the thinking in this connection are the possible specificity of the codons and the existence of a starting point for the transfer of information. 

The genetic code is the only organic code which is officially recognised in the textbooks of modern biology, but it is also a model where we find characteristics that must belong to all organic codes. To start... 

Manipulation of the genetic code through recombinant DNA allows molecular biologists to modify and transfer genes both for the study of disease and the production of new cellular characteristics. 

Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA). The structure of DNA is well known. Its function is to transmit genetic information. The characteristics of all cells are determined by their proteins, particularly the enzymes. The characteristics of a protein are in turn determined by its unique sequence of amino acid residues. DNA contains the master plan for protein formation in its base sequence. The particular sequence of the bases adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C) thus represent a code. Since all proteins consist of 20 different L-amino acids, the genetic code then directs the varying sequences specific for a given protein. 

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