Generic model simulations

C. Zannoni [ Datareview in this book 12.2 Results of generic model simulations ]... 

In this section, we give a brief overview of theoretical methods used to perform tribological simulations. We restrict the discussion to methods that are based on an atomic-level description of the system. We begin by discussing generic models, such as the Prandtl-Tomlinson model. Below we explore the use of force fields in MD simulations. Then we discuss the use of quantum chemical methods in tribological simulations. Finally, we briefly discuss multiscale methods that incorporate multiple levels of theory into a single calculation. 

Chassagnole, C., Jackson, R.C., Hussain, N., Bashir, L., Derow, C., Savin, J., Fell, D.A. Using a mammalian cell cyde simulation to interpret differential kinase inhibition in anti-tumour pharmaceutical development. BioSystems 2006, 83 91-97. Csikasz-Nagy, A., Battogtokh, D., Chen, K.C., Novak, B., Tyson, J.J. Analysis of a generic model of eukaryotic cell-cycle regulation. Biophys J. 2006,90 4361-4379. Smith, J.A., Martin, L. Do cells cycle ... 

The ions of the salts, which mix with organic solvents have a rather complicated structure. Simulations of solutions of such salts appropriate to criticality are not feasible at present. Therefore simulations of generic models may suffice, which, however, can only provide a cartoon picture. Quantitative agreement with measured data, certainly, can only be expected from simulations considering the molecular details. 

Generic features of the results for both HHG and ATI spectra obtained in such model simulations have been recently provided (Blase 2001). In particular, the simulations... 

Grabowski, H. G., and Vernon, J. M., Pioneers, Imitators, and Generics-A Simulation Model of Schumpeterian Competition, Quarterly Journal of Economics 102(3) 491-525,1987. 

Integrated Simulation Based on Distributed Models and Generic Model Building Blocks... 

Numerical simulations of solvation dynamics in polar molecular solvents have been carried out on many models of molecular systems during the last decade. The study described in sections 4.3.4-4.3.5 focused on a generic model for a simple polar solvent, a structureless Stockmayer fluid. It is found that solvation dynamics in this model solvent is qualitatively similar to that observed in more realistic models of more structured simple solvents, including solvents like water whose energetics is strongly influenced by the H-bond network. In particular, the bimodal nature of the dynamics and the existing of a prominent fast Gaussian relaxation component are common to all models studied. 

To analyse vulnerabiUty risk various system simulations are applicable e.g. contingency analyses, dynamic analyses etc. Other - more generic - model-based risk analysis methods are also apphcable (e.g. fault tree and/or event tree. Simplified and standard risk analyses methods (brainstorming, plotting in risk matrices) can also be used for more coarse analyses... 

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