Generalized stacking fault

Kackell P., Wenzien B. and Bechstedt R, Influence of Atomic Relaxations on the Structural Properties of SiC Polytypes from Ab-Initio Calculations, Phys. Rev. B50, 17 037 (1994). Kaxiras E. and Duesbery M. S., Free Energies of Generalized Stacking Faults in Si and Implications for the Brittle-Ductile Transition, Phys. Rev. Lett. 70, 3752 (1993). 

Juan Y, Kaxiras E. Generalized stacking fault energy surfaces and dislocation properties of silicon A first-principles theoretical study. Philos. Mag. A 1996 74 1367-1384. 

Mryasov ON, Gomostyrev YN, Freeman AJ. Generalized stacking-fault energetics and dislocation properties Compact versus spread unit-dislocation structures in TiAl and CuAu. Phys. Rev. B... 

For accurately modeling bcc screw dislocation behavior, an even more important validation test concerns the generalized stacking-fault or y energy surfaces for the... 

From a structural point-of-view the bulk metallic state, that is, fee lattice (with varying densities of defects such as twins and stacking faults) is generally established in gold nanoparticles of about 10 nm diameter and upwards. However, such particles still display many unusual physical properties, primarily as the result of their small size. Shrinking the size of gold particles has an important effect it increases both the relative proportion of surface atoms and of atoms of even lower coordination number, such as edge atoms [49] and these atoms in turn are relatively mobile and reactive. 

It is seen, therefore, that after the passage of a perfect dislocation through a crystal, the crystal matrix will be perfect and dislocation free. This will not generally be true for imperfect dislocations, which invariably leave a stacking fault in their wake. 

Defects in CVD diamond were studied in Ref. [102]. Figure 7.8 shows a presence of a mirror plane (indicated by M) in a crystal, and Figure 7.9 includes both mirror planes and 111 stacking faults (indicated by SF). These data suggest that CVD diamond in general contains numerous defects in the atomic scale. 

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