General Circulation, Mixing Patterns, and Salt Balance

General Circulation, Mixing Patterns, and Salt Balance 

Basin this was found to be a good predictor of river nitrogen export to the North Atlantic Ocean. (Modified from Howarth et al., 1996.) 

Solis and Powell (1999) further modified this equation to reflect a normalized average salinity of the entire estuary as follows  

Hansen and Rattray (1966) first introduced the idea of using stratification-circulation diagrams to describe a spectrum of circulation and geomorphometric types of estuaries that can be defined by stratification (figure 3.9). The basic classification parameters are as follows the stratification is defined by SS/Sq where 5,8 is the difference in the salinity 

Other parameters used to characterize the types of circulation, mixing, and stratification in estuaries, principally derived from the method of Hansen and Rattray (1966), are the densiometric Froude (Fm) and estuarine Richardson (Rig) numbers (both defined later in this section) (figure 3.10 Fisher, 1976). Fisher (1976) demonstrated that there is a relationship between SS/Sq and Rig Jay et al. (2000) interpreted this ratio as the tendency 

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