Gelatin forms

Uses of gelatin are based on its combination of properties reversible gel-to-sol transition of aqueous solution viscosity of warm aqueous solutions abUity to act as a protective coUoid water permeabUity and insolubUity in cold water, but complete solubUity in hot water. It is also nutritious. These properties are utilized in the food, pharmaceutical, and photographic industries. In addition, gelatin forms strong, uniform, clear, moderately flexible coatings which readily sweU and absorb water and are ideal for the manufacture of photographic films and pharmaceutical capsules. 

While the hydrolysis of triphosphonitrilic chloride with sodium acetate furnishes trimetaphosphimic acid and the hydrolysis of tetraphosphonitrilic chloride with water furnishes tetrametaphosphimic acid, the hydrolysis of pentaphosphonitrilic chloride, P5N5C1i0, with sodium hydroxide in ethereal soln. furnishes sodium pentametaphosphimic acid, PsNsHloO10, or rather the alkali pentameta-phosphimate—sufficient alkali must be present to maintain the alkalinity of the soln. The sodium salts are amorphous, and are precipitated in a gelatinous form by the addition of alcohol to the alkaline soln., or to the soln. neutralized with acetic... 

Saquinavir is available as Invirase, which is its hard gelatin form, and Forto-vase, which is its soft gelatin form. In combination with other antiretroviral agents and another protease inhibitor ritonavir, Invirase is recommended for the treatment of HIV infection, and due to its low bioavailability, considerably higher doses are recommended. The two preparations, Invirase and Fortovase, are not bioequivalent and could not be used interchangeably. Although Fortovase can be used as a sole protease inhibitor in a combination therapy, Invirase could be used only in combination with ritonavir. 

Uses In gelatinized form as propellant for small arms, and in the fiber form as high explosive in contact mines. See Guncotton, Nitrocellulose. 

Dynamites and Blasting Gelatines form the foundation of the modern high-explosives industry, and it was again Nobel who provided for safe and satisfactory initiation of these types of explosives by inventiou of the Copper Capsule Mercury Fulminate detouator. 

Uses In gelatinized form as the basis of all propellants either alone, particularly for cannon powder, or in mixture with guncotton in the small er-caliber guns (See Smokeless Powder), or in mixtnre with nitroglycerine in double-base powders (See),... 

Solutions of silicates are decomposed by dilute HC1 into silicic acid, which may partially separate in Group I in the gelatinous form. That not precipitated in Group I will be precipitated by NH4C1 solution in Group IIIA (see under Silicates, Section IV.26, reaction 2). 

Boehmite is of considerable interest to the surface scientist. It was pointed out by Lippens and Steggerda (1970) that a clear distinction should be made between crystalline boehmite and the gelatinous forms of pseudoboehmite, which always contains some non-stochiometric, interlamellar water. Pseudoboehmite is the main constituent of European bauxites and can be easily prepared by the neutralization of aluminium salts, but hydrothermal conditions are required for the formation of crystalline boehmite. 

Douwes, E. Hassan, E. New Soft Gelatin Forms. Business Briefing Pharmagenerics 2003, 1-3. 

The process of converting (e.g. starch) into a GELATINOUS form. 

Gonverting into a gelatinous form or into a jelly. 

With batch precipitation procedures, the formation of crystalline precipitates are al> ways preferred over gelatinous forms for ease of filtration and washing. In continuous methods, hitherto the requirements seem to be quite contrary. —... 

Physical gels are formed when water is added to a lyophilic polymer but in insufficient amounts to completely dissolve the individual chains. Various polysaccharides such as pectin, carrageenan, and agarose, and proteins such as gelatin form physical gels in aqueous solution. These types of gels are usually reversible, i.e., they can be formed and disrupted by changing the pH, tanperature, and other solvent properties. 

---