Gel chromatogram

Figure 1 The gel-chromatogram of the obtained product from the alkylation reaction of toluene with EC under various reaction conditions T, K = 273 (1), 293 (2), 313 (3), 333 (4). The ratio of toluene epichlorohydrin 0.5 1 (5) 1 1 (6), 2 1 (7), and 5 1 (8). (-) refractometer detector (—) UV-detector.

Analogous examples have been described for silica gel chromatograms . Table 2.2 gives an overview. 

Robinson et al. (79) have demonstrated that extracellular products present in the media of microorganisms originally isolated from soil can alter the elution of plutonium on gel chromatograms and the mobility of plutonium on thin layer chromatograms. 

Fig. 28. Gel chromatograms of poly(diethylene glycol adipate) with terminal butoxyl groups, M = 700, f = 0, diethylene glycol and a ring consisting of adipic acid and diethylene glycol, M = 316 styragel columns 60, I03, 10 A, eluent tetrahydrofuran, u = 1 ml/min, volume of the sample 2 ml, refractometer, t = 24 °C...

Figure 3-5 Photograph of a two-dimensional thin layer (silica gel) chromatogram of a mixture of flavins formed by irradiation of 10 pg of the vitamin riboflavin. The photograph was made by the fluorescence of the compounds under ultraviolet light. Some riboflavin (RF) remains. The arrows indicate the location of the sample spot before chromatography. Chromatography solvents a mixture of acetic acid, 2-hutanone, methanol, and benzene in one direction and M-butanol, acetic acid, and water in the other. See Treadwell et al.H)2...

Figure 7. Typical gel chromatograms from a. guaiacyl model/ lignin b. control or veratryl model/lignin.

The gel chromatograms shown in Figure 6 seem to substantiate the hypothesis above. The hydrolysates apparently contain both high molecular weight material and small peptides, but only limited amounts of intermediate peptides. 

Figure 3 Thin layer silica gel chromatogram of the feed and fractions obtained in the fractionation of the tri-EPA reaction mixture using SC-CO2. MG monoglyceride, DG - diglyceride,...

Values of M calculated from gel chromatograms of the commercial polymers are polyester type. Unaged 42400, Aged... 

Fig. 7. Characteristic Sephadex G-15 gel chromatogram of uremic (solid line) and normal (dashed line) serum, showing elution position of various molecular mass markers. From Shaykh et al. (S19).

SEPHADEX G-10 GEL CHROMATOGRAM OF PTERM STANDARDS AND YCOS ULTRAFILTRATE FROM UREMIC SERUM AND HEMOFILTRATE... 

Fig. 10. Sephadex G-10 gel chromatogram of pterin standards and YCOS ultrafiltrate from uremic serum and hemofiltrate. (R. W. Williams et al., unpublished data, 1990.)...

When MWD is used as an instrument for analyzing a kinetic scheme, very stringent requirements must be imposed upon the accuracy of its measurement. In117 a method is proposed to determine the instrumental broadening function in GPC based on the obtained relationship between the corrected gel chromatograms of the initial polymer sample and its i-th fraction collected within the range of elution volumes ( i j,... 

The method of reaction termination by a radioactive reagent was used to analyze the MWD of living polymer chains. By combining GPC with a scintillation counter (additional detector), one can in this case simultaneously obtain separate gel chromatograms of the overall product and of the growing macromolecules. In the latter case the numerical function of MWD is obtained. 

Fig. 4.6.3. Typical gel chromatograms of polydisperse polymers. For explanation see text.

Figure 8. The gel chromatogram for Ashland A240 pitch and the toluene soluble (TS) fraction.

This polymer was also characterised by SEC. Its bimodal molar mass distribution pointed to a significant contribution from the cyclic polysiloxane fraction. The dialysis of this polymer in water permitted the separation of cyclics into the lower molar mass fraction, while the linear polymer constituted the higher molar mass fraction. The gel chromatograms of both these fractions were also compared. The two-step dialysis performed for the precursor and biocidal polymer led to a narrow polydispersity of the former, MW / Mn = 1.21 [95]. 

Figure 3 shows chromatograms of two PF resins, one with a distinct high molecular weight portion, and the other with rather lower molar masses [128]. The averages of the molar mass can be (i) calculated from the gel chromatograms, taking into consideration the above-mentioned problems with the calibration of the columns, and (ii) measured by... 

Analyze each fraction by TLC using 9 1 (v.v) hexane ethyl acetate as the eluting solvent. With careful spotting, it should be possible to analyze at least three different fractions on each 3-cm x 8-cm strip of a silica gel chromatogram. In order to introduce sufficient sample onto the strip, re-spot two or three times. 

Fig. 111.4 TLC silica gel chromatogram of carotenoids and reactirai products, developed with 5% methanol in tolutaie. 1 P-carotene,...

Chromatographic analysis of the liquid residue extracted from a resin and of the oils condensed from the vapor phase again reveal a peak-for-peak correspondence showing the continuity of these materials. To determine how the low molecular weight fractions fit into the overall polymer MWD, a commercial low-density resin was analyzed by GPC (gel permeation chromatography). The gel chromatogram shown represents about 30 wt% of the total sample. A closer ex-... 

FIGURE 1. Typical "salt boundary" gel chromatograms of sodium humates. 

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