Gastroprotection

Konturek, S.J., Brzozowski, T., Majka, J., Szlachcic, A., Slo-miany, B. and Nauert, C. (1992a). Role of nitric oxide and prostag ndins in gastroprotection by aluminium containing antacid. Gastroenterology 102, AlOl. 

Lambrecht, N. and Peskar, B.M. (1992). Role of nitric oxide (NO) in the gastroprotection by mild irritants in the rat stomach. Gastroenterology 102, A105. 

Nissinen, E., Linden, I-B., Pentilla, K.E., Ranta, S. and Pohto, P. (1991). Antioxidant properties of the gastroprotective agent nitecapone. Gastroenterology 100, A133. 

The analgesic effects of NSAIDs are attributed to inhibition of the COX-2 enzyme, whereas the negative GI effects are due to inhibition of COX-1.28 Patients taking oral anticoagulants, those with a history of peptic ulcer disease, or others at high risk for GI complications may be considered candidates for a COX-2 inhibitor or a combination of a nonselective NSAID with a gastroprotective agent such as a proton pump inhibitor (PPI). Because most PPIs are available by prescription only, such patients should be referred to a physician. 

Yoshikawa, M., Sugimoto, S., Nakamura, S., Sakumae, H., and Matsuda, H. (2007b). Medicinal flowers. XVI. New dammarane-type triterpene tetraglycosides and gastroprotective principles from flower buds of Panax ginseng. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 55,1034 1038. 

CS021 Murakami, T., J. Nakamura, H. Mat-suda and M. Yoshikawa. Bioactive saponins and glycosides. XV. Saponin constituents with gastroprotective effect from the seeds of tea plant, Camellia sinensis L. var. assamica Pierre, cultivated in Sri Lanka structures of assamsaponins A, B, C, D and E. Chem Pharm Bull 1999 47(12) 1759-1764. 

Z0184 Al-Yahya, M. A., S. Rafatullah, J. S. Mossa, A. M. Ageel, N. S. Parmar, and M. Tariq. Gastroprotective activity of ginger. Zingiber officinale Rose., in albino rats. Amer J Chinese Med 1989 17(1/2) 51-56. 

Other activities on the gastrointestinal system included antidiarrhoeal and gastroprotective effects. Satureja hortensis and Aloysia triphylla EOs inhibited castor oil induced diarrhoea in rodents [225, 255]. The EO of lavender and its components (linalool, linalyl acetate) and the EO of Cryptomeria japonica (ter-pin-4-ol and elemol) showed protective activities against acute ethanol/aspirin-induced gastric ulcers in rodents [200,254]. 

Targownik LE et al The relative efficacies of gastroprotective strategies in chronic users of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Gastroenterology 2008 134 937. [PMID 18294634]... 

Finally, it is universally accepted at present that Helicobacter pylori infection has a definitive ethiological role in peptic ulcer disease, and that erradication therapy is warranted in these clinical scenarios. The majority of therapeutic trials have included the application of triple therapy with proton pump inhibitors or ranitidine bismuth citrate, clarithromycin and either amoxycillin or metronidazol and is to date the treatment of choice. However, recent studies have reported antibiotic resistance which can be one reason for failure of treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection [101-103], and new treatment strategies are therefore Wellcome. Flavonoids, in addition to their gastroprotective activity previously commented, have been also shown to inhibit Helicobacter pylori growth in vitro. In this way, Beil et al. [50]... 

The precise role that H3 receptors play in the gastroprotection against noxious stimuli is still unknown. On the one hand, the remarkable effect of (R)a-methylhistamine -which is one of the most employed H3 agonists- and the reversal effect of thioperamide and clobenpropit,... 

Bertaccini, G., Morini, G., Coruzzi, G., 1995. An update on histamine receptors and gastroprotection. Ital. J. Gastroenterol. 27, 259-264. 

Niedzinski, E.J., et al. 2000. Gastroprotection of DNA with a synthetic cholic acid analog. Lipids 35 721. 

Dickman A, EllershawJ. NSAIDs gastroprotection or selective COX-2 inhibitor Palliat Med. 2004 18 275-286. 

Brzozowski T, Konturek PC, Konturek SJ, et al. Role of prostaglandins in gastroprotection and gastric adaptation. jf Physiol Pharmacol. 2005 56(suppl 5) 3 3—55. 

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