Gastric carcinoid development

The prodrugs are unstable in the presence of acid and therefore must be administered as an enteric-coated preparation or as a buffered suspension. Pantoprazole is also available in an intravenous formulation. The most commonly reported side effects are diarrhea and headache. Hypergastrinemia has been noted as a reaction to the marked reduction in acid secretion. Gastric carcinoid tumors have developed in rats but not in mice or in human volunteers, even after long-term use. 

Azzoni C, Doglioni C, Viale G, et al. Involvement of BCL-2 oncoprotein in the development of enterochromaffin-like cell gastric carcinoids. Am Surg Pathol. 1996 20 433-441. 

The tumor is histamine secreting and does not metastasize, which renders it closely comparable to the human type I gastric carcinoid tumor. If untreated, animals develop duodenal ulcers, which either bleed or perforate, resulting in demise of the tumor carrier on an acute basis. The tumor could be successfully... 

Distribution of the 13,715 carcinoid tumors contained by the ERG, TNCS, and the SEER file (1950-1999) by organ site. The dominant site for carcinoid development is the gastrointestinal system. Gastric carcinoids constitute 4.1% of all carcinoid tumors. 

Wilander E (1981) Achylia and the development of gastric carcinoids. Virch ArchAbtA Path Anat 394 151-160... 

Hakanson R, Sundler F (1986) Mechanisms for the development of gastric carcinoids. Digestion 35 (Suppl 1) 1-151... 

Mattson H, Havu N, Braeutigam J, et al. Partial gastric corpectomy results in hypergastrinemia and development of gastric enterochromaffin-like carcinoids in the rat. Gastroenterology 1991 100 311. 

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