Gasoline olefins

The PONA results at constant conversion (72 vol%) in the series from EKZ4 to BETA 500 show gasoline olefin content increased from 8.6 percent to 16.4 percent, paraffin content decreased from 54.7 percent to 46.8 percent, and naphthene and aromatics contents remained constant. Research octane increased 4.2 numbers while motor octane increased 1.2 numbers. The aromatics content of the LCO as measured by the aniline point decreased with the aniline point increasing from 42 to 62. LCO yield increased from 16.0 volume percent to 18.0 volume percent, while the coke yield decreased dramatically from 4.2 percent to 2.4 percent. 

Catalytic Cracking—A refinery process that converts a high-boiling range fraction of petroleum (gas oil) to gasoline, olefin feed for alkylation, distillate, fuel oik and fuel gas by use of a catalyst and heat. 

RxCat technology continues the 50-year historical extension of improvements in FCC technology, with gasoline olefin reduction as an additional measure of efficiency. 

A too low gasoline olefinicity and a too high degree of branching of the paraffin and olefin compounds is found. The MAT gasoline can be analysed with the "Anderson GC-method (see (8),(9)). In our case we applied a modified extended method. The commercial and Pilot Riser gasoline were analysed with a detailed GC-PIANO method developed by Akzo Research. 

The Branching of gasoline olefins, however, does not vary much, notwithstanding the large variations in branching of the gasoline paraffins (Fig. 2). 

Eight cracking reactions were included in the model second-order gas oil cracking to gasoline fraction paraffins, olefins, naphthenes and aromatics and to LPG, first-order gas oil cracking to dry gas and to coke and first-order cracking of gasoline olefins to LPG. 

Methanol is an important intermediate for the production of chemicals and fuels (gasoline, olefins, and aromatic hydrocarbons), and can also be used directly as an alternative fuel. 

Lubeck, A.J. Cook, R.D., Bromine number should replace FIA in gasoline olefins testing. 

Zhao X, Roberie TG. ZSM-5 additive in fluid catalytic cracking. 1. Effect of additive level and temperature on light olefins and gasoline olefins. Ind Eng Chem Res 1999 38(10) 3847-53. 

USY-zeohte with a veiy low level of rare earth exchange and an active matrix was used to increase gasoline olefins and to decrease aromatic formation by limiting hydrogen transfer. 

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