Gasification technology pressure

Gasification technologies for the production of high heat-value gas do not all depend entirely on catalytic methanation, that is, the direct addition of hydrogen to coal under pressure to form methane. 

PRessurized ENtrained FLOw) gasification technology. Initially developed by Krupp Uhde. Krupp and Shell. They split in 1981 and both developed their own coal gasification process. 

Gasification is a process that uses heat, pressure, and steam to convert materials directly into a gas composed primarily of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. Gasification technologies differ in many aspects but rely on four key engineering factors ... 

Figure 2.3.5 Gasification technologies/routes (Atm. = atmospheric pressure Pres. = pressurized FB = fluidized bed [both bubbling and circulating] M/F Bed = moving or fixed bed EF = entrained flow).

Advanced Hot Gas Cleanup Systems. Advanced hot gas cleanup systems must achieve effective final particulate removal without cooling the gas. Extensive development of the technology is under way for advanced coal gasification and pressurized fluidized-bed combustion (PFBC) applications. However, per unit of coal, hot gas final particulate removal for coal gasification has only one-fifth the gas flow of PFBC. This fact is significant because the gas flow rate determines the size and cost of advanced hot gas particulate removal devices. 

In June 1981, the partnership between Shell and Krupp Koppers was terminated. Since that time, this gasification technology has been developed solely by Shell as the Shell Coal Gasification Process. Krupp Koppers has continued its own development of a similar pressurized, dry feed, entrained-flow gasification technology called PRENFLO. 

If not denoted as an atmospheric or high-pressure process, all industrial gasification technologies operate between 26 and 65 bar. That is the range required by IGCC applications (gas turbine inlet pressure) and various chemical syntheses as described previously. 

Saunders, T., Aldred, D., and Michael Rutkowski, M.D. (2005) Successful continuous injection of coal into gasification and PEBC system operating pressures exceeding 500 psi - DOE funded program results. Gasification Technology Council. 

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