Gases Directly

Plating Mists, gases, direct contact acids, alkalis... 

In contrast to the terrestrial planets, the giant planets are massive enough to have captured and retained nebular gases directly. However, concentrations of argon, krypton, and xenon measured in Jupiter s atmosphere by the Galileo spacecraft are 2.5 times solar, which may imply that its atmosphere preferentially lost hydrogen and helium over the age of the solar system. 

In both Berthelot s method and its modifications, the gases produced on combustion or expln are analyzed after they are removed from the bomb. Thomas (Ref 10) found that it is simpler to analyze the gases directly in the bomb without transferring them to another vessel. This method is essentially as fellows ... 

B. Generation Of Dry Gases. Directions are given below for the preparation and/or purification of several useful gases. 

Acetylene may be produced from light hydrocarbons and naphthas by injecting inert combustion gases directly into the reacting stream in a flame reactor. Figure 19-13a and d shows two such devices Fig. 19-13 shows a temperature profile (with reaction times in milliseconds). 

Brisbane H2 Brisbane, Queensland, Australia GE October 2000 Natural gas (15 MMscf/d), refinery off-gases Direct water quench 0.8 H2 (30 MMscf/d)... 

Analysis of the combustion exhaust gases directly behind the combustor is performed by means of continuous on-line analysis for O2, CO, CO2. NOx, N O and SO2. 

It is, therefore, much more economical to pass the gases directly into concentrated sulphuric acid, whereby matters must be so arranged that ammonium sulphate separates directly, that the concentrated sulphuric i<-not greatly diluted by the steam, etc., in the gases driven through it, and I i that the resulting tar is not spoiled by the treatment. 

Sample introduction is probably one of the most important stages for reproducible measurements and is related to the efficiency of sample uptake to the plasma source. Normally samples are introduced in solution form and in latter years sample introduction as solids and gases directly or from GC columns is now commonly employed on a routine basis where applicable. Selection for the best sample introduction method needs careful consideration, keeping in mind that the properties of the atomiser will dictate its design and operation. For adequate thermal dissociation, volatilisation, excitation and atomisation of aerosol particles, the efficiency of nebulisation will determine the sensitivity and reproducibility of analyte response. The following requirements must be considered when analysing samples using atomic emission methods ... 

SO2 0-0.5 ppmv (urban) 20-200 pptv (remote) Oxidation of fossil fuel S Oxidation of S gases Direct reaction with Earth surface, oxidation to sulfate... 

For reactions involving gases, only changes in the partial pressures of those gases directly involved in the reaction are important the presence of other gases has no effect. 

Sealed Combustion Heating System - A heating system that uses only outside air for combustion and vents combustion gases directly to the outdoors. These systems are less likely to backdraft and to negatively affect indoor air quality. 

Heated air/flue gases/direct combustion gas Superheated steam/vapor Dehumidified cool air (heat pump FBDs)... 

Limitation—4 here could be a process requirement to heat the downstream units by taking the hot gases directly to them and not passing the gases through the heating unit for some lime (this can reduce the availability of heat). Hence, it may not he always possible to use this option. 

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