Gaseous matter

Filtration The process of removing particulate or gaseous matter from a fluid stream. 

Any liquid or gaseous matter at a rate of 1.25 million BTUs or more. 

Aerosol Suspension of tiny particles of a solid, liquid, or gaseous matter. 

This inequality corresponds to the circumstance that stars bum gaseous matter at a positive rate. The energy production by stellar combustion is not accounted for by our model. It is noteworthy that if s(t) is positive at a fixed time, it will be bounded in the positive axis for all times. We can prove this statement by noting that all time derivatives of s vanish when s vanishes. Indeed, if s(/o) = 0 at I => Io> ( o) = 0- From Eq. (5.2) we also write down a general expression for the nth derivative ... 

Gases are formed by weakly interacting, nearly isolated particles - atoms or molecules. Interatomic or intermolecular distances continuously change and as a result, gases have no fixed shape or volume and gaseous matter occupies all available space. As far as macroscopic properties of a gas are concerned, they remain identical in any direction because its structure, more precisely, the absence of long- or short-range order, is isotropic. 

Pettini, M. 2001, in Gaseous Matter in Galaxies and Intergalactic Space, ed. R. Ferlet, M. 

The mass of the atmosphere is about 5.14-5.27 x 10 tons (Walker, 1977 Voitke-vich, 1986). The major part of gaseous matter (about 80%) occurs in the troposphere whose upper equatorial boundary reaches as high as about 17 km going down to 8-10 km at the poles. The troposphere is restricted by tropopause, which is characterized by a sharp temperature drop and the absence of water vapors. The active physical, chemical, and hiogeochemical interactions of the atmosphere with ocean and land occur mainly in the troposphere. It contains also the bulk of water vapors and air-borne particulate matter. It is also well known that many important biospheric photochemical reactions take place in the troposphere. 

States of Matter.—Matter exists in one of three states solid, liquid, and gaseous. In the solid form the Yvorticles of matter ore comparatively close together, and are separated with more difficulty than are those of liquid or gaseous matter or, in other words, the cohesion of solid matter is greater tlian that of the other two forms. In the liquid the particles are less firmly bound together and are capable of freer motion about one another. In the gas the mutual attraction of the particles disappears entirely, and their distance from each other depends upon the pressure to which the gas is subjected. 

Waters.— W ater, as it occurs in nature, always contains solid and gaseous matter iu solution, and frequently solids in suspension. 

A specific class of aerosol ions are condensed aerosol ions produced as a result of the condensation of gaseous matter on the cluster ions. In aerosol physics the process is called ion-induced nucleation it is considered as one among the processes of gas-to-particle conversion. The condensed aerosol ions have an inherent charge. Their sizes and mobilities are between the sizes and mobilities of cluster ions and of ordinary aerosol ions. Water and standard constituents of atmospheric air are not able to condense on the cluster ions in the real atmosphere. Thus the concentration of condensed aerosol ions depends on the trace constituents in the air and is very low in unpolluted air. Knowledge about condensed aerosol ions is poor because of measurement difficulties. 

When a sulphate of a metallic oxide, MO, SO, or M, SO is acted on by hydrogen or carbon at a strong red-heat, it is entirely deoxidised, and the sulphuret of the metsd is left. Thus, if sulphate of baryta, KO, SO, or K, SO, be mixed with about one-sixth of its weight of charcoal, and exposed for two hours to a bright red-heat in a vessel closed, except where a small aperture is left for the escape of gaseous matter, carbonic oxide is given off and sulphuret of barium is left Ba 0, S O, -h C, = 4 CO -fBaS. 

In emission spectrometry, plasmas have the task of exciting the atoms to be measured to emission. Plasma is in principle an electrically conductive, fluid system in predominantly gaseous matter. The properties of a plasma are determined by the charge carriers already mentioned and by its quasineutrality, as the plasma has an overall electrically neutral effect when observed for a longer period of time. 

---