Gas-liquid-solid flow

SIMULATION OF GAS-LIQUID AND GAS-LIQUID-SOLID FLOW SYSTEMS 3... 

SIMULATION OF GAS- LIQUID AND GAS- LIQUID- SOLID FLOW SYSTEMS 11... 

Yang Ge and Liang-Shih Fan, 3-D Direct Numerical Simulation of Gas-Liquid and Gas-Liquid-Solid Flow Systems Using the Level-Set and Immersed-Boundary Methods M.A. van der Hoef, M. Ye, M. van Sint Armaland, A.T. Andrews IV, S. Sundaresan, and J.A.M. 

W. Warsito, L.S. Fan, Measurement of real-time flow structures in gas—liquid and gas—liquid-solid flow systems using electrical capacitance tomography (ECT), Chem. Eng. Sci. 56 (2001) 6455-6462. 

In fact, extremum tendencies expressing the dominant mechanisms in systems like turbulent pipe flow (Li et al, 1999), gas-liquid-solid flow (Liu et al, 2001), granular flow, emulsions, foam drainages, and multiphase micro-/nanoflows also follow similar scenarios of compromising as in gas-solid and gas-liquid systems (Ge et al., 2007), and therefore, stability conditions established on this basis also lead to reasonable descriptions of the meso-scale structures in these systems. We believe that such an EMMS-based methodology accords with the structure of the problems being solved, and hence realize the similarity of the structures between the physical model and the problems. That is the fundamental reason why the EMMS-based multi-scale CFD improves the... 

Radial distributions of gas-phase characteristics were measured from the wall to the center of the column in 1/4-inch increments. For gas-liquid flows, steady-state operation was achieved in 10 minutes, whereas for gas-liquid-solid flows, measurements were not performed until one hour after flow conditions were established. At the end of each run, average gas holdup was measured by quick closure of the feed stream valve. The sampling rate for the conductivity probes was 0.5 millisecond per point, and the total sample time for each local measurement was 60 seconds. These sampling conditions are comparable to those of another investigator of gas-phase characteristics in bubble columns (11). 

In general, it may be concluded that it is possible to develop appropriate Eulerian-Eulerian models to simulate complex gas-liquid (solid) flows, with some support from the experimental data. Some of the possible applications of such models are discussed in the next section. Before discussing these applications, recent simulations carried out with Eulerian-Lagrangian and volume of fluid (VOF) approaches are briefly reviewed here. 

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