Gadolinium magnetic properties

Introduction. The water-tickling magnetic properties of the gadolinium (III) ion, with its seven unpaired electrons, have placed it in the forefront of medical... 

Givord D., Givord F., Lemaire R. (1971) Magnetic properties of iron compounds with yttrium, lutetium and gadolinium. J. Phys. (Paris) 32, Cl-668. 

Gadolinium(iii) compounds are especially suited to this. The Gd + ion has a large number of unpaired electrons S = 7/2) and moreover its magnetic properties are isotropic. It has a relatively long electron-spin relaxation time, 10 s, which makes it more suitable than other very paramagnetic ions such as Dy +, Eu +, and Yb + s). These factors are... 

Costes, J.P., Dahan, R, Donnadieu, B. et al. (2001) Versatility of the nature of the magnetic gadolinium(III) -vanadium(IV) interaction - structure and magnetic properties of two heterobinuclear [Gd, V(0)] complexes. European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 363-365. 

Lescop, C., Belorizky, E., Luneau, D. et al. (2002) Synthesis, stmctures, and magnetic properties of a series of lanthanum(III) and gadolinium(lll) complexes with chelating benzimidazole-substituted nitronyl nitroxide free radicals. Evidence for antiferromagnetic Gd - radical interactions. Inorganic Chemistry, 41, 3375-3384. 

Dei, A., Gatteschi, D., Massa, C. A. etal. (2000) Spontaneous symmetry breaking in the formation of a dinuclear gadolinium semiquinonato complex synthesis, high-field epr studies, and magnetic properties. Chemistry -A European Journal, 6, 4580 586. 

The attainment of still lower temperatures, down to about 10" K, is achieved by making use of nuclear magnetic properties. The nuclear magnets are about 2000 times smaller than the magnet in a paramagnetic substance such as gadolinium sulfate, yet there is still a significant difference between the nuclear entropies even at temperatures as low as 10" K-... 

Gadolinium-cobalt-molybdenum alloys 2.2.2.1. Main magnetic properties... 

I. Amorphous state gadolinium-cobalt-gold alloys As for copper, Chaudari et al. (1974) have reported the magnetic properties of... 

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