Gadolinite discovery

L. Rhenus, Rhine) Discovery of rhenium is generally attributed to Noddack, Tacke, and Berg, who announced in 1925 they had detected the element in platinum ore and columbite. They also found the element in gadolinite and molybdenite. By working up 660 kg of molybdenite in 1928 they were able to extract 1 g of rhenium. 

The few papers which he published contained the results of the analyses of minerals such as gadolinite, the topaz, and an ore of titanium. In his analysis of the mineral water of Medevi he was assisted by an obscure young student who was destined to bring great glory to the University of Upsala. The discovery of such a student as Berzelius was a far greater honor for Ekeberg than his disclosure of the rather rare element, tantalum. 

The discovery of the lanthanoids began outside the small town of Ytterby, Sweden, in 1787. A Swedish army officer named Carl Axel Arrhenius (1757—1824) found an unusual kind of black mineral in a rock quarry. That mineral was later given the name gadolinite. 

One of the chemists who took up the challenge was Lars NUson. He analyzed two minerals known as gadolinite and euxenite, in search of the missing element. By 1879, he announced the discovery of ekaboron. ... 

Cdtium was isolated from the soluble end of a series from gadolinite by fractional crystallization of the nitrates in nitric add. Its compounds have properties intermediate between those of scandium and lutecium. Its atomic weight has not been determined, but the atomic number 72 has been assigned to this element. The discovery of hafnium, a close relative of... 

Rhoiinm — (L. Rhenus, Rhine), Re at. wt. 186.207(1) at. no. 75 m.p. 3186°C b.p. 5596°C sp. gr. 21.02 (20°C) valence -1, -h1, 2,3, 4,5, 6, 7. Discovery of rhenium is generally attributed to Noddack, Tacke, and Berg, who announced in 1925 they had detected the element in platinum ores and columbite. They also found the element in gadolinite and molybdenite. By working up 660 kg of molybdenite they were able in 1928 to extract 1 g of rhenium. The price in 1928 was 10,000/g. Rhenium does not occur free in nature or as a compound in a distinct mineral species. It is, however, widely spread throughout the earth s crust to the extent of about 0.001 ppm. Commercial rhenium in the U.S. today is obtained from molybdenite roaster-flue dusts obtained from copper-sulfide ores mined in the vicinity of Miami, Arizona, and elsewhere in Arizona and Utah. Some molybdenites... 

Known rare-earth minerals were few gadolinite and ce-rite were extremely rare and the other minerals (there were about ten of them) could be likened, as regards their abundance, to museum pieces. Nevertheless, the era of new discoveries had come and the first sprouts appeared on the yttrium tree. Mosander s erbium remained controversial for a long time and only in 1878 did the Swiss scientist J. de Marignac separate a new element from erbium he named it ytterbium also after the village of Ytterby. 

His theory of combustion, his researches on heat, and his discovery of the yttria earths in a mineral afterwards called gadolinite, are his best-known contributions to science. He taught the antiphlogistic theory from 1789, and his small text-book was the first in Swedish to teach the new system and did much to procure its adoption. He published an important dissertation on affinity. ... 

Discovery The Finnish chemist Johan Gadolin discovered the oxide of the new metal in 1794. He made the discovery when he investigated the black stone ytterbite (gadolinite) that Arrhenius had found in 1787 in the feldspar quarry at Ytterby outside Stockholm. 

---