G-SIMS

Initial results prove the high potential of LA-based hyphenated techniques for depth profiling of coatings and multilayer samples. These techniques can be used as complementary methods to other surface-analysis techniques. Probably the most reasonable application of laser ablation for depth profiling would be the range from a few tens of nanometers to a few tens of microns, a range which is difficult to analyze by other techniques, e. g. SIMS, SNMS,TXRE, GD-OES-MS, etc. The lateral and depth resolution of LA can both be improved by use of femtosecond lasers. 

Delgass, W. N. Lauderback, L. L. Taylor, D. G. "SIMS of Reactive Surfaces" Springer-Verlag Series in Chemical Physics 20, 1982. 

Sims, R. G, Sims, J.L., Sorensen, D. L., Stevens, D. K., Huling, S. G., Bledsoe, B. E., Matthews, J. E. Pope, D. (1994). Performance evaluation of full-scale in situ and ex situ bioremediation of creosote wastes in ground water and soils. In Proceedings, Symposium on Bioremediation of Hazardous Wastes Research, Development and Field Evaluations, pp. 35-9- EPA/600/R-94/075. Cincinnati, OH US EPA. 

U. Relative sensitivity factors for atomic ions out of a given matrix vary by only one, in extreme cases by about two, orders of magnitude at least for the high irradiance techniques (J ). This holds even for ions f only+one polarity, i.e. under suitable conditions ions such as F or Cl are detected in positive ion spectra. This contrasts favourably with e.g. SIMS where sensitivity factors vary by several orders of magnitude. 

Simmons, L. C., Reilly, D., Klimowski, L., Raju, T. S., Meng, G., Sims, P., et al. (2002) Expression of full-length immunoglobulins in Escherichia coli rapid and efficient production of aglycosylated antibodies. J. Immunol. Methods 263, 133-147. 

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