Future potential temperature

Superconductivity. One potential future use of vanadium is in the field of superconductivity. The compound V Ga exhibits a critical current at 20 T (20 X lO" G), which is one of the highest of any known material. Although niobium—zirconium and Nb Sn have received more attention, especiahy in the United States, the vanadium compound is being studied for possible future appHcation in this field since V Ga exhibits a critical temperature of 15.4 K as opposed to 18.3 K for Nb Sn. 

The method is not restricted to secondary aryl alcohols and very good results were also obtained for secondary diols [39], a- and S-hydroxyalkylphosphonates [40], 2-hydroxyalkyl sulfones [41], allylic alcohols [42], S-halo alcohols [43], aromatic chlorohydrins [44], functionalized y-hydroxy amides [45], 1,2-diarylethanols [46], and primary amines [47]. Recently, the synthetic potential of this method was expanded by application of an air-stable and recyclable racemization catalyst that is applicable to alcohol DKR at room temperature [48]. The catalyst type is not limited to organometallic ruthenium compounds. Recent report indicates that the in situ racemization of amines with thiyl radicals can also be combined with enzymatic acylation of amines [49]. It is clear that, in the future, other types of catalytic racemization processes will be used together with enzymatic processes. 

Ceramic materials that retain structural integrity to temperatures in the 2100 to 2400°F range have been the subject of research and development for many years. Researchers have in fact created small radial inflow turbines from structural ceramic material for possible use in automotive gas turbines. These experimental units have shown favorable properties in laboratory tests. However, several practical considerations pose potential stumbling blocks to their use in commercial systems, such as coefficients of expansion that are substantially different from those of the metals used in gas turbine construction. One may expect to find ceramic materials in use in industrial gas turbines in the future, first on... 

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