Fusinite aromaticities

The above models are representative of the active macerals, particularly vitrinite. Inert macerals, such as fusinite and micrinite, are believed to have large aromatic planar structures with fewer substituents (14) and behave similar to chars. 

Two recent studies have examined the NMR spectra of coal macerals and lithotypes respectively. Retcofsky and VanderHardt (12) reported the aromaticities of the vitrinite, exinite, micrinite, and fusinite from Hershaw hvAb coal using non-spinning cross-polarization techniques. The fa values of 0.85, 0.66, 0.85, and 0.93 -0.96 for these macerals demonstrate clear variations between the materials at a given rank. Gerstein et. al. (13) used carbon-13 CP/MAS proton combined rotation and multiple pulse spectroscopy (CRAMPS) to examine Iowa vitrain (Star coal) and a Virginia vitrain (Pocahontas 4 coal) with aromaticities of 0.71 and 0.86 respectively. 

Individual macerals have also been studied by C magnetic resonance spectroscopy the macer-als were from a West Virginia bituminous coal (85.8% C). The calculated values were vitrinite 85%, exinite 66%, micrinite 85%, and fusinite 93%-96%. These results were in agreement with earlier work which had indicated that the aromaticity increases in the order ... 

In attempts to chlorinate different macerals, the products indicate that exinite has a greater proportion of disordered structure than fusinite and the number of condensed aromatic rings... 

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