Furnaces products

DRI, in peUet/lump or HBI form, can be added to the blast furnace burden to increase furnace productivity and reduce coke requirements. It can be used for short-term increases in blast furnace output when a faciUty is short of hot metal during times of high steel demand, or when one of several blast furnaces is down for a reline. It also can be justified if the increased output is sufficient to allow operation of fewer blast furnaces long-term. 

The contents of the cmcible are tapped through a Roy tapper (8,9) iato external settlers for layer separatioa. The tapper removes blast furnace products as they are made, giving a more uniform blast-furnace performance. A typical buUion analy2es in wt %, 1.0—2.5 Cu, 0.6—0.8 Fe, 0.7—1.1 As,... 

Reverberator Furnace. Using a reverberatory furnace, a fine particle feed can be used, the antimony content can be controlled, and batch operations can be carried out when the supply of scrap material is limited. However, the antimony-rich slags formed must be reduced in a blast furnace to recover the contained antimony and lead. For treating battery scrap, the reverberatory furnace serves as a large melting faciUty where the metallic components are hquefted and the oxides and sulfate in the filler material are concurrently reduced to lead metal and the antimony is oxidized. The furnace products are antimony-rich (5 to 9%) slag and low antimony (less than 1%) lead. 

Start-time of a converter production step tpf End-time of a converter production step tES.l Start-time of an anode furnace production step... 

Table 9 Range of Concentrations of Contaminants in Condenser Waste from Electric Furnace Production of Phosphorous...

The BWTP system will not treat materials containing chemically combined lead in low concentrations. Furnace products (such as ash) must be treated by another technology (such as... 

Wooddell C. E., 1935, Method of comparing the hardness of electric furnace products and natural abrasives, Trans. Electrochem. Soc., 68, 111-128. 

These factors have prompted two principal thrusts in ironmaking development. First, progress continues to be made in increasing blast furnace productivity and in decreasing coke rates. Coal (qv) injection to replace coke units has assumed a prominent role. Coal replaces coke on a nearly 1 1 mass basis, and coal injection rates of up to 250 kg/t of hot metal (thm) have been achieved. Injection of oxygen and other reductants besides coal are expected to be used more extensively. Increased additions of scrap, DRI, and HBI are expected to play a significant role in efforts to boost productivity and decrease coke rates. 

Rhombohedral BN (rBN) forms in the fusion product of KCN and Na2B407 and by deposition at 1500°C from hexagonal BN vapor originally formed at 2100°C in a graphite resistance tube furnace. Products collect on a pitted carbon film. ... 

Blast furnace production of iron allows the hot, newly reduced product to trickle through the bed of heated coke to the hearth. Since carbon is somewhat soluble in molten iron, pig iron usually contains from 3 to 4.5% carbon. It also contains smaller percentages of other reduced elements such as silicon, phosphorus, manganese, etc., generated by the same reducing processes that yielded the iron (Table 14.3). Primarily from the effect of the high-carbon content on the iron crystal structure, the blast furnace product is brittle, hard, and possesses relatively low-tensile strength. Hence the crude pig iron product of the blast furnace is not much used in this form. 

No major changes, other than installing the oxy/oil burner, which was much smaller in size, and an oxy/oil flow train, were needed to convert the furnace from air/oil to an oxy/oil system. This furnace was charged with oxide concentrates with coke and other fluxes. The increased furnace productivity allowed the plant to operate fewer rotaries and still exceeded the plant production obtained with the old air/fuel system. 

The optimum and by far the most precise, temperature control system in a multibumer furnace is on-off firing (with several options). This requires that burner ignition is prompt and extinction is fast or that transition from a high-fo low-fire regime is straightforward. Flame performance can be optimized for a well-calibrafed burner flow-rate (100% power) and this should accurately match the furnace production rafe. 

IN THE EXAMINATION OF MINKRAIS, ORE.S, FURNACE PRODUCTS, AND OTHER METALLIC COMBINATIONS. 

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