Functional groups thio/thiol

Sulfur-containing functions are especially prone to undergo reductive removal. Hydrogenolysis of the thio group proceeds easily in the presence of Raney nickel and this procedure is ideally suited for the reduction of functional groups like thiols, sulfides, or thioacetals. The sulfonyl group can be reductively removed under the action of agents like Na in liquid ammonia ... 

Sn2 reactions are highly useful in organic synthesis because they enable us to convert one functional group into another—a process that is called a funcdonal group trausfonna-tion or a functional group interconversion. With the Sn2 reactions shown in Fig. 6.11, methyl, primary, or secondary alkyl halides can be transformed into alcohols, ethers, thiols, thioethers, nitriles, esters, and so on. Note. The use of the prefix thio- in a name means that a sulfur atom has replaced an oxygen atom in the compound.)... 

Polymerizable surfactants capable of working as transfer agents include thiosulfonates, thioalkoxylates and methyl methacrylate dimer/trimer surfactants. Thioalkoxylates with 17-90 ethylene oxide units were produced from ethoxylated 11 bromo-undecanol by replacing the bromine with a thiol group via the thiazonium salt route [8]. In the presence of water-soluble azo initiator the thio ended Transurfs (used at a concentration above the CMC) gave monodispersed latex particles in emulsion polymerization of styrene. However, the incorporation of the Transurf remained low, irrespective of the process used for the polymerization (batch, semibatch, seeded). The stability of the lattices when the surfactant and the transfer function were incorporated in the same molecule was better than when they were decoupled. 

A second group of thio-sugars (i. e. functionalized thiols) is attracting interest as convenient and highly reactive nucleophiles for the stereoselective functionalization of sugar enones in the formation of S -linked thiodisaccharides [64,65,66,67]. 

Cefazolln Sodium, Sterile, USP. Cefazolin (Ancef. Kefzol) is one of a. series of scmisynthctic ccphalottporins in which the C-3 acetoxy function has been replaced hy a thiol-containing hctcrocycle—here. 5-mcthyl-2-thio-1..3.4-thiadia/olc. It also contains the somewhat unusual tctra/oly-lacetyl acylating group. Cefazolin was released in 197.3 as a water-.soluble stxlium salt. It is active only by parenteral adtninistration. 

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