Fuel reactor concepts

A variety of graphite moderated reactor concepts have evolved since the first aircooled reactors of the 1940s. Reactors with gas, water, and molten salt coolants have been constructed and a variety of fuels, and fissile/fertile fuel mixtures, have been used. The evolution and essential features of graphite moderated power producing reactors are described here, and details of their graphites cores are given. 

Based on a similar concept, SGR process shown in Figure 17.8 is developed where syngas, rather than coal, is fed into the fuel reactor to reduce the Fe203 particles and then produce H2 in the hydrogen production reactor. 

Recently, the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis regained much attention mainly due to the (political) desire for cleaner fuels and the potential shortage of crude oil. Therefore, research activity is focusing on the development of improved reactor concepts as well as on novel and promising catalysts for an economic production of clean fuels via FTS. 

Integrated reactors One type of integrated reactor is micro structured heat exchanger/reactor concepts, which may work as cross- or counter-flow reactors. Another type couples endothermic and exothermic reactions in two separate flow paths normally operated in the co-current mode. Both reactor types are designed as prototype components of future fuel processors for mobile applications. 

In Sections 2.4-2.6 micro structured testing reactors for reforming, combustion and gas purification purposes and chip-like devices are presented Section 2.7 is dedicated to integrated reactors and micro structured fuel processor concepts and... 

Integrated Micro Structured Reactor Fuel Processing Concepts... 

HEU) or mixed oxide (MOX) fuel containing oxides of uranium and plutonium in commercial nuclear power reactors, in order to dispose of nuclear weapons materials. Other theoretical reactor concepts are also being investigated for disposal of actinides. 

Fig. 21.27. Schematic of integral fast reactor and fuel cycle concept (IFR). (Courtesy USDOE.)...

In compliance with the closed fuel cycle concept accepted in Russia, SNF imloaded from Nuclear Submarines (NSs) with water-cooled reactors (WER) as well as SNF of nuclear icebreakers are forwarded to PA Mayak for reprocessing, fuel of liquid-metal coolant reactors, zirconimn-cladding fuel and damaged Spent Fuel... 

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