Fuel Cell Challenges

Despite many successfully specialized applications of fuel cells, such as UAV (unmanned aerial vehicles), submarines and the Apollo and Shuttle space missions [1-5], these applications are not the primary markets for fuel cell and hydrogen industries. To date the cost and quality of fuel cells are not comparable to those of the 1C engines or gas turbines. 

Turco et al., Treatment of Biogas for Feeding High Temperature Fuel Cells, Green Energy and Technology, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-03215-3 3 

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Illustrative fuel cell polarization with losses noted. (From Ye, S. 2007. Electrocatalysts for PEM fuel cells Challenges and opportunities. 14th National Meeting of Chinese Society of Electrochemistry, Yangzhou, China.)... 

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