Fromherz model

Fromherz P 1980 Mioelle struoture a surfaotant blook model Chem. Rhys. Lett. 77 460... 

Fromherz s model considers a spherical micelle where the surfactants are arranged in parallel forming a packaging without tensions and without contact with the water, in which the heads of the surfactants are as separated as possible [20], The surfactant chains, in the region of the heads, are bent to lower electrostatic repulsion as much as possible. Figure 3 shows a cross-section of this model of micelle. 

The models of Fromherz and Dill allow the solubilization of hydrophobic solutes near the surface of the micelle and explain how these solutes (in addition to part of the hydrocarbon chains of the surfactants) can be in contact with the water when they are associated with the micelle. However, the debate concerning the structure of the clusters is not yet finished and research on the subject continues. 

Figure 3 A possible cross-sectional view of the Fromherz micelle. This model is constructed using cylindrical sticks to represent the surfactant molecules. Counterions are not shown. (From Ref. 2 with permission.)...

One model for coexistence between GE and non-GE crops is the program established for publicly owned land in Boulder County, Colorado (Byrne and Fromherz, 2003). The county leases about 4,000 acres of cropland to farmers, some of whom have chosen to grown insect resistant or herbicide tolerant GE corn. An advisory committee of farmers, scientists, and concerned citizens developed a set of protocols to minimize cross-pollination to nearby non-GE corn fields. The protocols include grower notification to the county of their planting intentions, communication among neighboring farmers to work out an acceptable coexistence plan, and establishment of a 150-foot buffer zone between fields to minimize cross-pollination. 

The standard picture of ionic micelles forms a common starting point for three recent attempts at modelling the state of the chains in amphiphilic aggregates Dill and Flory s lattice model [15, 16], Fromherz surfactant-block model [18] and a model devised by the present author [19-21]. For each of these models, it is necessary to make further assumptions which are not part of the standard picture. These further assumptions are necessary in order to render the models soluble. 

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