Frequency-domain method transient simulation

In addition, theoretical analyses of transients (using hand calculations) are explained. Finally, this chapter describes a frequency-domain (FD) method of transient simulations, a computer code of which can be readily developed by the reader. 

Frequency-Domain (FD) Method of Transient Simulations 2.6.1 Introduction... 

Solving this type of transient requires the use of numerical electromagnetic analysis (NEA). Chapter 5 first discusses the basic theory of NEA and then describes various methods of NEA, for example, either in a frequency domain or in a time domain. It provides a brief summary of the methods and demonstrates application examples. Some of the examples compare field test results with EMTP simulation results. 

The lowest level of abstraction, here called the geometry level, is the closest to physical reality, in which the physics is described by partial differential equations. This level is the domain of finite-element, boundary-element or related methods (e.g., [7-9]). Due to their high accuracy, these methods are well suited for calculating, for example, the distribution of stresses, distortions and natural resonant frequencies of MEMS structures. But they also entail considerable computational effort. Thus, these methods are used to solve detailed problems only when needed, whereas simulations of complete sensor systems and, in particular, transient analyses are carried out using methods at higher levels of abstraction. 

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