Four stage reactor

Alkylation of toluene and acetylene in the presence of sulfuric acid is accomplished in the four-stage reactor of the sketch. Retention time in each stage is 10 min, temperature is 41 F and pressure is 50 psig. On the assumption that the liquid always is saturated with acetylene, the reaction is first order with respect to toluene. At the conditions shown, the reaction is estimated 95% complete. Find the specific reaction rate. 

A reaction with rate equation r = kC is carried out in a four stage reactor with kC0x = 1.2. Find the fractional conversion. 

Figure 20 Comparison of experimental and predicted total phosphorus accumulation, in the four-stage reactor ...

Fig. 24. Elements of a bubbleless turbulent fluid-bed reactor design where the internals create four stages. A represents the shrouded grid B, the first feed ...

Fig. 6. Four-stage flow-based reactor for PET biomarker synthesis...

The feed-stream is pressurized to the operation pressure by a metering pump, and the air which is used as oxidant in the oxidation reaction, is compressed to the operational pressure in a four-stage compressor. Both streams are mixed in a static mixer inside the reaction chamber as it is shown in Fig. 9.4-10. The reactor has been described in the section 9.4.4.I. A more etal ed description of the pilot plant can be found in reference [7]. 

Figure 21. The four-stage model of the circulating fluidized-bed reactor (adapted from Ref. 116).

In Los Alamos National Labs (LANL), a four-stage Prox reactor with four oxygen (from air) inlets and five heat exchangers to finely control the temperature in each unit was demonstrated, and the CO concentration was abated to very low with minor parasitic hydrogen consumption. However, to control the temperature by this method is still very limited, and usually, the mixture of oxygen and reformate is not good enough. 

A five-stage reactor system, with a total holdup time of approximately 100 minutes, was used. The first reactor was roughly one-fifth the size of the other four equal-sized reactors. An SO2 injection system was provided to occasionally increase the SO2 concentration in the inlet gas by 200 ppm or more. The SO2 was injected upstream of the booster fan. 

Figure 20 shows the comparison of measured and calculated total phosphorus accumulation in a four stage fixed bed reactor used by Hegedus in a steady-state. 

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