Formic acid nickel

EINECS 222-101-0 Formic acid, nickel(2 ) salt Nickel diformate Nickel formate. Used in manufacture of nickel compounds, including catalysts. Green crystals dec 180-200° 6 - = 2.154 soluble in H2O, insoluble in organic solvents. Mechema Chemicals Ud. 

Sabatier nickel 14, 977 —/alumina 15, 362 — /formic acid s. Formic acid/nickel —/ hydrazine... 

Propionic acid is accessible through the Hquid-phase carbonylation of ethylene over a nickel carbonyl catalyst (104), or via ethylene and formic acid over an iridium catalyst (105). Condensation of propionic acid with formaldehyde over a supported cesium catalyst gives MAA directiy with conversions of 30—40% and selectivities of 80—90% (106,107). Catalyst lifetime can be extended by adding low levels (several ppm) of cesium to the feed stream (108). 

The Leuckart reaction uses formic acid as reducing agent. Reductive alkylation using formaldehyde, hydrogen, and catalyst, usually nickel, is used commercially to prepare methylated amines. These tertiary amines are used to prepare quaternary ammonium salts. 

Methylene chloride is easily reduced to methyl chloride and methane by alkaU metal ammonium compounds in Hquid ammonia. When the vapor is contacted with reduced nickel at 200°C in the presence of excess hydrogen, hydrogen chloride and elementary carbon are produced. Heating with alcohoHc ammonia at 100—125°C results in hexamethylenetetramine, (CH2) N4, a heterocycHc compound with aqueous ammonia at 200°C, hydrogen chloride, formic acid, and methylamine are produced. 

Cobalt(II) nitrate hexahydrate [10026-22-9], Co(N02)2 6H20, is a dark reddish to reddish brown, monoclinic crystalline material containing about 20% cobalt. It has a high solubiUty in water and solutions containing 14 or 15% cobalt are commonly used in commerce. Cobalt nitrate can be prepared by dissolution of the simple oxide or carbonate in nitric acid, but more often it is produced by direct oxidation of the metal with nitric acid. Dissolution of cobalt(III) and mixed valence oxides in nitric acid occurs in the presence of formic acid (5). The ttihydrate forms at 55°C from a melt of the hexahydrate. The nitrate is used in electronics as an additive in nickel—ca dmium batteries (qv), in ceramics (qv), and in the production of vitamin B 2 [68-19-9] (see Vitamins, VITAMIN B22)-... 

The anticonvulsant primidone (1035) resembles phenobarbital but lacks the 2-oxo substituent. It was introduced in 1952 and has remained a valuable drug for controlling grand mal and psychomotor epilepsy. As might be expected, primidone is metabolized to yield phenobarbital (1034 X = 0) and C-ethyl-C-phenylmalondiamide (1036), both of which have marked anticonvulsant properties however, primidone does have intrinsic activity and an appropriate mixture of its metabolites has only a fraction of its activity (73MI21303). Primidone may be made in several ways, of which desulfurization by Raney nickel of the 2-thiobarbiturate (1034 X = S) or treatment of the diamide (1036) with formic acid (at 190 °C) seem to be the most satisfactory (54JCS3263). 

The Eschweiler reaction (formaldehyde and formic acid) has been used for the pyr-A-methylation of l-methyl-l,2,3,4-tetrahydro-j8-carboline, as has formaldehyde and hydrogen in the presence of Raney nickel. Tetrahydroharmine has been reported to react with benzaldehyde to yield a condensation product, C33H36N403, which is presumably a pyr-iV-substituted derivative (318). It is not known whether a similar condensation product of benzaldehyde with harm-aline is a C- or V-substituted derivative of harmaline. Conden-... 

Volter and Alsdorf (52) obtained a relation of a very similar character for the dependence of the catalytic activity in formic acid decomposition on the composition of the nickel-copper alloys. However, extending the times of the alloy annealing for their better homogenization caused the maxima on the catalytic activity curves to disappear. 

A novel approach to purine synthesis involves the use of ADC compounds as a source of one nitrogen atom in the five-membered ring.148 150 Treatment of 6-amino-l,3-dimethyluracil (94, R = H) with DEAZD gives the 5-substitution product (95, R = H). The N—N bond is cleaved by Raney nickel or formic acid, and ring closure to 1,3-dimethyluric acid is simply effected by heating.148 Whether the initial adduct is formed by a substitution... 

Cations, cyclopropenyl, 54, 97 o-Chlorobenzaldehyde, by reduction of o-chlorobenzonitrile with Raney nickel alloy in formic acid, 51, 23 p-Chlorobenzaldehyde, by redaction of p-chlorobenzonitflle with Raney nickel alloy,1 51, 22... 

Diiron enneacarbonyl, 50, 2J Diketones, from diazoketones and organoboranes, 53/ 82 3-DIKETONES FROM METHYL ALKYL KETONES 3-n-BUTYL-2,4-PENTANEDIONE, 51, 90 2,6-Dimethoxybenzaldehyde, by reduction of 2,6-dime thoxy-benzonitrile with Raney nickel alloy in formic acid,... 

This reduction has also been achieved by treating the nitrile with sodium hypophosphite (NaH2P02 ) and Raney nickel in aqueous acetic acid - pyridine or formic acid. 

The decomposition of formic acid on nickel single crystals showed unusual features not observed on Cu(llO), Fe(lOO), Ag(110), or W(100) surfaces. Adsorption of isotopically labeled formic acid, HCCOD, or Ni(llO)... 

The decomposition behavior of formic acid on the close-packed Ru(lOTO) surface parallels the reaction on nickel, except that the autocatalytic process was not observed (lOJ). Water was desorbed at 183 K by apparent second-order kinetics following adsorption of HCOOH at 100 K. Subsequent desorption of Hj, COj, and CO suggested the formation of the surface anhydride. The rate constant for decomposition was 2.6 x 10 sec exp —26.9 kcal/mol// r. ... 

The autocatalytic process observed on Ni(l 10) was very similar to results reported previously on nickel powder (82). In that work the rate of decomposition was measured as a function of the amount of formic acid adsorbed and the formic acid pressure. At 60°C and pressures from 0.4 to 1.4 Torr the rate of decomposition decreased as the formate coverage increased. Such behavior can be accounted for if the attractive interactions between the adsorbed species observed for the formic acid decomposition on Ni(llO) or... 

Another method is to proceed after the Raney Nickel reduction like this filter the catalyst off and purify as above. React the product with CH2O and hydrogen or HCO2H to get the 2-Me derivative, which is heated with H3PO4 at 140-150° for 70 hours. Note HCO2H is a strange way to say formic acid. 

Cinnamaldehyde, by reduction of cinna-monitrile with Raney nickel alloy in formic acid, 51,25 from the ester-mesylate, 51,76 Cinnamic acid, 50,18 CINNAMONITRILE, 50,18 Condensation, of p-acetylbenzenediazo-nium bromide with acrylic acid, 51,1... 

Formic acid, anhydrous (M.W. 46.03, m.p. 8.5°, b.p. 100.8°, density 1.22), or a 90% aqueous solution, is an excellent hydrogen donor in catalytic hydrogen transfer carried out by heating in the presence of copper [77] or nickel [77]. Also its salt with triethylamine is used for the same purpose in the presence of palladium [72, 73], Conjugated double bonds, triple bonds, aromatic rings and nitro compounds are hydrogenated in this way. 

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