Formal Kinetics of Homogenous Reactions

The work term W is generally separated into flow work, Wj and shaft work, Shaft work is, for example, from the stirrer in a stirred tank or a turbine in a tubular reactor. When the shear stress can be neglected, the work term is 

The subscript 0 indicates inlet conditions while //, and t/, are the molar enthalpy and molar energy, respectively. 

Kinetics is a key discipline for chemical reaction engineering. It relates the rate at which a chemical transformation occurs to macroscopic process parameters, like pressure, concentrations, temperature. Moreover, it enables to find a link between the observed transformation rates to a reaction mechanism that describes intimate interactions between individual molecules. For solving chemical reaction engineering problems we are mostly interested in practical situations, where relatively large quantities of matter are transformed. 

In order to quantify the rate of a chemical transformation, we need to introduce some definitions. First, we distinguish between different types of reactions based on the form used to describe eventual chemical transformation, as single or multiple reactions. Usually this can be done from material balance after examining the stoichiometry between reacting materials and products. If a single stoichiometric equation can present the transformation, this is a single reaction. If more than one equation is necessary to present all observed components and their transformations, this it is a case of multiple reactions. The examples are as following  

More complicated schemes are also possible and present a combination of the listed reactions. 

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