Folded oils

Folate Folcysteme Foldan Folded oils Folding-carton inks Folding cartons... 

The term folded oils refers to concentrated oils. This typically involves a distillation process however, alcohol washing can also be used. Alcohol washing is based on the insolubility of d-limonene in 60% to 70% ethanol. These processes predominately remove terpene compounds, although aldehydes (octanal) are also reduced. Oils that are more than 20-fold concentrated are called terpeneless oils and are more stable. Distillation is predominately used by flavor houses. Flavor houses purchase cold-pressed oil, which is concentrated and fractionated. These fractionated portions are sold for flavorings or flavor precursors. 

In most instances, storage and handling of folded oils are the same as for most single-strength oils. The major stability difference is that the flavor of folded oils persists in products where high temperature is a factor, i.e., candy or baked products. The quality of folded oils is a function of the folding procedure. Oils folded by washing with 60% alcohol will differ from those folded by distillation under vacuum. For... 

Redistillation of an essential oil can remove terpenes (deterpenation) to make the oil more alcohol-soluble and longer-lasting. This is most commonly done in citrus oils and they are called terpeneless or folded oils. 

In this process, different batches of the same essential oil may be mixed together. Oils become more concentrated in some components and other components may become relatively reduced. The term folded oil is also used for essential oils with a component removed in order to concentrate more desirable constituents. When terpenes are removed, the resultant oil is termed a... 

Perfume materials obtained by distillation are referred to as essential oils. Thus, for example, the oil obtained by steam distillation of lavender is known as the essential oil of lavender or lavender oil. Sometimes, the monoterpenoid hydrocarbons are removed from the oils by distillation or solvent extraction to give a finer odour in the product. The process is known as deterpenation and the product is referred to as a terpeneless oil or folded oil. 

Vacuum distillation, steam distillation, extraction with solvents, and adsorption processes are used for folding cold-pressed oils. How each affects the quality of the folded oil will be briefly described. 

Although the amount of extract was linear in the 5 hour period, it probably will not be over a longer period of time. In a batch system, since the composition of the feed oil will change with time, the amount of oxygenated compounds in the extract also will change. Based on these assumptions, it was found that at least 50 hours of extraction would be necessary to obtain a 5-fold oil at a flow rate of 500 mL/min. However, leaving the oil at 70 C for 50 hours would probably result in the formation of undesirable terpene degradation products. Therefore, no attempt was made to produce a 5-fold oil with the system described. 

Figure 7. The wavelengths of the Bragg peaks corresponding to the planes (hkm) versus the applied field strength for BP, (34.1 °C) and BPn (34.3 °C) oriented with either a four-fold [001 ] or two-fold [Oil] axis parallel to the field [49].

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