Foimic acid

White powder, dec 250. Sol in aqneous alkali, foimic acid. Slightly sol in hot water, DMSO. Insol in cold water, alcohol, ether, chloroform, pyridine, hexameth yl phosphor -amide. Stable against sulfuric and hydrochloric acids. [o] J + 13.5-14.5 On 2% NaOH) +19.5-21.5 On 10% NaOH). 

Samjeske G, Miki A, Ye S, Osawa M (2006) Mechanistic study of electrocatalytic oxidation of foimic acid at platinum in acidic solution by time-resolved surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy. J Chem Phys B 110 16559-16566... 

Red grape skin (Grapes from four varieties of Vitis vinifera L.) 5 anthocyanins, 5 flavonols, 1 catechin Ultrasonification SLE (ultrasonification, MeOH/HCl 99/1) Waters Xbridge Cig column (150 X 4.6 mm, 5 pm) Gradient 2 mM KCl, water/MeOH/foimic acid (83/16/1) or Water/ MeOH/fiumic acid (68.5/ 30/1.5) BCD [127]... 

Little difference exists between the two oils. On distillation at ordinary pressure the oil, which is very rich in esters, in both cases decomposes pai-tially, and a considerable quantity of free add distils over. According to Weber Annalen, 238, 89), formic and acetic adds are found in the distillate. Acetic acid is undoubtedly the chief add constituent of the esters, but the author is unable to confirm the presence of foimic acid. If it is present, it is only in faint traces. On distillation under reduced pressure the earlier fractions (the boiling-point rises gradually until 50 per cent, has distilled over) contain cineol, but only to the extent of 5 to 10 per cent, of the oil. This figure is the result of an approximate estimation by means of phosphoric acid. 

Munson et al.[35] questioned the suggestion in refs. 29 and 30 that, since CO is observed prior to hydrocarbon formation, it is an intermediate in the reaction. Methanol-and formic acid-h3c were first coadsorbed on the H-ZSM-5 catalyst, and an in situ NMR experiment was perfomied. It was found that the conversion rate of methanol was not affected by large quantities of CO. The authors then measured the spectra of a sample containing foimic acid- C and unlabelled methanol. i CO was not incorporated in the reaction product. The conclusion is that CO is neither an intermediate nor a catalyst in MTG chemistry. 

Undesirable reactions, which must be avoided by proper control if high ield.s are to be obtained, include (a) pjTol.vtic decomposition of formaldehyde and (b) fmdher oxidation of foi maldehyde to foimic acid, carbon oxides, and water. 

Among the other by-products are light acids (foimic and acetic adds) which promote the decomposition of the hydroperoxide. They are partly neutralized by the basicity of the reaction medium, and partly stripped in the gas phase by partial vaporization of the reactants, since the conversion is exothermic. 

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