Focal atelectasis

Parenchymal Hyperinflation Airway calcification Volume loss/focal atelectasis Diffuse interstitial Airway lumen narrowing Amyloid deposit calcification Irregular endolumenal surfaces Inters titial/interlobular ... 

With the recent extensive use of CT in asbestos-exposed workers, attention has been paid to lung involvement associated with pleural thickening in the form of parenchymal bands and rounded atelectasis that reflect the fibrosis of the visceral pleura (Solomon 1989 Cohen et al. 1993 Gevenois et al. 1998). These associated findings help us to distinguish visceral pleural fibrosis from parietal pleural plaques and have revealed that visceral pleural fibrosis can be focal. 

Loss of alveolar surfactant activity is likely to have pathophysiological consequences. These might include an increase in the work of breathing, owing to focal or widespread atelectasis (222) augmentation of pulmonary edema, consequent to a reduction in interstitial hydrostatic pressure (223) and increased susceptibility to infection, owing to loss of the antibacterial properties of surfactant (97). Because many of the adverse effects of surfactant deficiency can be reversed... 

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