Fluorochrome labeled materials

Hopman AHN, Ramaekers FCS, Speel EJM (1998) Rapid synthesis of biotin, digoxigenin, trinitrophenyl, and fluorochrome labeled tyramides and their application for in situ hybridiza tion using CARD amplification. J Histochem Cytochem 46 771 777 Ino H (2003) Antigen retrieval by heating en bloc for pre fixed frozen material. J Histochem Cytochem 51 995 1003... 

The ELISA method (in its various modifications), employing radionuclide markers (radioimmunoassay RIA), enzymatic markers (enzyme immunoassay EIA) (Dill et al., 2006), or fluorescent dyes (fluorophores or fluorochromes) (Hildebrand et al., 2005) (FEIA—fluoroenzyme immunoassay, Immuno-CAP-system) or nanoparticles (Dequaire et al., 2000) are commonly used as materials for protein labeling in an immunoassay. 

In addition to minimal perturbation of the original polymer structure, the polymer-fluorochrome bond must be stable and the labelled polymer should have favorable spectral properties. The highly fluorescent derivatives of fluorescein (la), rhodamine (Ila) and coumarin (Ilia) have been studied in detail for analytical purposes in biological material (Fig. 1). Attachment of these substances to a polymer molecule by a co-... 

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