Fluorinated phosphates

Fluorinated phosphonates exhibit interesting properties as enzyme inhibitors, chelating agents or as fuel cell electrolytes [29] however, only few methods of preparation for these compounds are available. Burton et al. [30] developed several methods to prepare fluorinated phosphates which involve phosphonyl, and likely phosphoranyl radicals as chain carriers (Scheme 11). 

Sample Maximum age (years) Fiuorine content (%) Fluorine phosphate ratio... 

Effluents and gypsum disposal pose problems. Fluorine is evolved at various steps in the process and scrubbers are required to reduce release to the atmosphere. Gypsum is frequently piled in diked areas or dumped into abandoned mines. Wastewater from these plants is heavily contaminated with fluorine, phosphates, sulfates, and other compounds. It is commonly impounded in large ponds, where a portion of the contaminants may precipitate or be lost by other processes. The cooled effluent from the... 

However, from 200° to 500°C, a small quantity of P2O7 ions react with the fluoride ions producing an unidentified fluorinated phosphate species. The fluorapatite obtained by this method, though very close to the ideal fluorapatite, is not exactly stoichiometric. 

Small, fluorinated organic anions, such as trifluoromethanesulfonate (or triflate) and trifluoroacetate, were quickly considered as alternatives to inorganic fluorinated phosphates and borates. Carlin and coworkers were the first to report... 

Microemulsion Formation with Fluorinated Phosphate Surfactants... 

Especially electrolytes based on carbonates and fluorinated phosphates show anodic stabiHty ranges of more than 4.5 V reaching even 5.5 V vs li/Li", important for applications with high-voltage cathodes. 

Perfluoroalkane sulfonyl fluorides produced by electrochemical fluorination are reacted with ethylaminoethanol. The fluorinated alcohol formed is converted with POCI3 to a fluorinated phosphate ester [159] ... 

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