Dendrimers fluorescence

Fig. 34. A fluorescent dendrimer with a ruthenium core reported by Vogtle and Balzani...

Figure 7.21 Dendrimers that are fluorescently labeled as well as biotinylated create enhanced detection reagents for use in (strept)avidin-biotin-based assays. Large complexes containing multiple fluorescent dendrimers can bind to antigens and form a highly sensitive detection system that exceeds the detection capability of fluorescently labeled antibodies.

Fig. 32 Effect of analyte coordination in (a) a traditional molecular chemosensor system, (b) receptors wired in series in a conjugated polymer, (c) chemosensors grafted onto the surface of a nanoparticle, and (d) a fluorescent dendrimer. The curved arrows indicate the active...

Addition to such fluorescent dendrimers of non-fluorescing guest compounds capable of interacting with the hetero atoms of the dendrimer - Cu2+ or Co2+ ions in the simplest case - leads to (partial) quenching of fluorescence. A specific example of such behaviour will be found in Section 6.23.3. 

Poly (amidoamine) dendrimers (PAMAM) are new interesting class of star polymers. They have mono dispersive, well defined and developed three-dimensional structures comprising functional groups at high concentration. In its core they have amidic groups. Structurally modified PAMAM dendrimers with 1,8-naphthalimide derivatives are fluorescent dendrimers and they can be applied as effective and selective sensors for different metal cations and protons in organic solvents. This property can be nansferred to other polymer matrixes (for example textiles). 

FIGURE 5.17 Fluorescent dendrimers for metal sensing by (a) quenching or (b) enhancement of the emission. 

Representative examples of signal amplification in CPs, fluorescent dendrimers, encapsulated dye microcrystals as well as dye-loaded liposomes and mesoporous silica hybrids will be discussed below. For examples involving luminescently doped silica or polymer particles, which are very similar in nature, the reader is referred to [55]. 

Mechanistically, exciton migration phenomena seem to be responsible for the enhanced fluorescence quenching in dendrimers. Investigations of Guo et al. have shown that the quenching constant for a fluorescent dendrimer in the presence of TNT increases with the dendrimer generation number. They have also shown that... 

Balzani V, et al. Huorescent guests hosted in fluorescent dendrimers. Tetrahedron 2002 58 629-37. 

Fig. 9.15 OLEDs elabtnxited iiom the fluorescent dendrimers 16-G . The fluorescence intensity is in arbitrary units, and cannot be compared within generations...

Fig. 9.21 A chemical sensor for phenols, elaborated with the fluorescent dendrimer 21-Gi...

Caminade AM, Hameau A, Majoral JP (2009) Multicharged and/or water-soluble fluorescent dendrimers properties and uses. Chem Eur J 15 9270-9285... 

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