Fluctuations and instability

Y. Saito, M. Uwaha. Fluctuation and instability of steps in a diffusion field. Phys Rev B 49 10677, 1994. 

In the preceding sections, various types of fluctuations and instabilities essential to corrosion were examined. As a result, it was shown that a corrosion system involves various kinds of problems of stability and instability. Unlike thermodynamic equilibrium systems, in nonequilibrium systems like corrosion systems, a drastic change in the reaction state should be defined as a bifurcation phenomenon. 

Because of this, as Christidis puts it (2002), matter acquires new properties when estranged from equilibrium, namely when fluctuations and instabilities are dominant. For a series of examples in biology, chemistry, and engineering, see Strogatz (1994). 

The sign that the Moon occupied at your birth describes your emotional reactions. It defines an area of fluctuation and instability in your chart, and it also represents women in general and your mother in particular. In this list, 1 describe the effect of the Moon in the signs ... 

The other techniques of potentiodynamic scanning, EIS, harmonic impedance spectroscopy (HIS), and pure electrochemical current and potential noise are primarily laboratory methods that are used only in a limited way in field investigations. This is because of their relative expense, requirement for a low noise measurement environment, and clean and stable process conditions. However, simple qualitative electrochemical noise or pitting indications are used in a simple way in field applications to look at uniform versus nonuniform corrosion. Greater fluctuations and instability in the noise measurements are generally indicative of conditions leading to nonuniform or pitting corrosion. 

We believe that we are today at a decisive moment in the history of science. At all levels of observation, we see an evolutionary universe, we see fluctuations and instabilities. Thermodynamics is the first science which brought an evolutionary view of Nature. This is in contrast with classical or even quantum mechanics which presents us with the picture of time-reversible and deterministic laws. Although there is no arrow of time and no place for instabilities in equilibrium thermod5mamics, this is not true in nonequifibrium thermodynamics, where fluctuations and instabilities play an essential role. Therefore it is important that students already at an early stage become familiar with the role of nonequilibirum processes and learn how thermodynamics describes the transition between the idealized static world of classical physics and the evolving, fluctuating world in which we live. 

Amoeba-Based Nonequilibrium Neurocomputer Utilizing Fluctuations and Instability... 

We discovered that the amoeba solves the problems by positively exploiting fluctuations and instability of its components. Thus, our system works as a neurocomputer having flexible properties. The elucidation of the amoeba s dynamics may lead to the development of unconventional computing devices based on nonequilibrium media to utilize fluctuations and instability. 

Fluctuations and instability in the amoeba s components have positive aspects to produce the enhancement of searching ability and the flexibility of decision-making ability. 

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