Flexor Digitorum Brevis

Medial Plantar Nerve, Tibial Nerve, Sciatic Nerve, Ventral Division Sacral Plexus, SI, S2. 

From the medial tubercle of the calcaneus and the deep surface of the plantar aponeurosis. 

Into both sides of the proximal end of the middle phalanx of the 4 lateral toes. 

The electrode is inserted midway between the third metatarsal head (MH-3) and the calcaneus (C) to the plantar aponeurosis and then withdrawn slightly. 

If the electrode is inserted too laterally it will be in the abductor digit minimi if inserted too medially it will be in the abductor hallucis brevis if inserted too deeply it will be in the quadratus plantae. 

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The nerve fibers most vulnerable to -hexane exposure in rats were the branches of the tibial nerve serving the calf muscles of the hind limbs, followed in order by the plantar nerve branches supplying the flexor digitorum brevis muscle, and then sensory plantar nerve branches innervating the digits. As... 

Fig. 17.14. Plantar fascia. Transverse 12-5 MHz US image obtained in the region of midfoot demonstrates the plantar fascia (arrows) as a sharply defined flattened anisotropic band 1-2 mm thick, located superficial to the flexor digitorum brevis muscle (fdb), the quadratus plantae muscle (qp) and the flexor hallucis longus tendon (fht). The photograph at the upper left of the figure indicates probe positioning...

At the medial ankle, the tibial nerve, a continuation of the medial trunk of the sciatic nerve, passes deep to the flexor retinaculum in the space between the medial malleolus and the medial wall of the calcaneus (Fig. 16.10a). The retinaculum consists of a thin fascia and forms the roof of the tarsal tunnel (Fig. 16.10). In addition to the nerve, the tarsal tunnel encloses the tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus and flexor hallucis longus tendons, the posterior tibial artery and two veins (Fig. 16.10a,b). Posteroinferior to the medial malleolus, the tibial nerve divides into the medial and lateral plantar nerves and the calcaneal nerve, which is responsible for the sensitive supply of the heel (Fig. 16.11). The plantar nerves supply the intrinsic foot muscles, except for the extensor digitorum brevis, which is innervated by the deep peroneal nerve. The posterior tibial artery accompanies the nerve deep to the flexor retinaculum and, inferior to the medial malleolus, it divides into medial and lateral plantar arteries (Fig. 16.11). 

Several tendons of extrinsic muscles of the foot, such as the tibialis posterior, the flexor hallucis longus and the flexor digitorum longus, the peroneus brevis and longus, travel in close proximity to the plantar aspect of the tarsal bones. The explanation of the course of these tendons in the foot continues the description in Chapter 16. After crossing the medial malleolus, the tibialis posterior assumes a straight course to fan out and insert into the tuberosity of... 

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