Flexible fiber

Crystallization is the basis of silk strength. But if crystallization were excessive, then the silk would become very brittle rather than being the flexible fiber that it is. The study of model peptides inspired from silk sequences has shown catastrophic and uncontrollable aggregation suggesting... 

The other process is the transformation of an organic precursor into a continuous thin ceramic fiber. In the spinning process, polycarbosilane, a high molecular weight polymer containing Si and C, is obtained by thermal decomposition and polymerization of polydimethylsilane. The fiber thus produced consists of a mixture of P-SiC, carbon crystallite and SiO. The presence of carbon crystallite suppresses the growth of SiC crystals. Yajima and coworkers (Yajima et al., 1976, 1978, 1979) were the first to produce fine (10-30 pm in diameter), continuous and flexible fibers, which are commercialized with the trade name of Nicalon (Nippon Carbon Co.). 

CHRYSOTILE. A delicately llbrous variety of serpentine which separates easily into silky, flexible fibers of greenish or yellowish color, wrlh formula MgtSUOdGHlj. It crystallizes m the monoclinic system hardness. 2.5 sp gr, 2.55. Its name is derived from [he Greek words meaning gold and fibrous. Most of the common asbestos of commerce is chrysolile. It is mined in Thelford. Province of Quebec, and in the Republic of South Africa. See also Asbestos and Serpentine. 

Asbestos and other fibers of naturally occurring silicates will separate into flexible fibers. Asbestos is the general name for this group of fibers. Chrysotile is the most... 

Dedusting or demisting in rotating devices provides opportunity to remove small particles at very high throughput. A mop-fan built with flexible fibers in a conventional fan housing effectively removes 50% of two-micron particles of slaked lime dust in conjunction with water spray on the rotor. Inline rotary... 

Eigore 2.11 Diameter of various fibers with a flexibility equal to that of a 25 pm diameter nylon fiber. Given a sufficiently small diameter, it is possible to produce, in principle, an equally flexible fiber from a polymer, a metal, or a ceramic. 

Equation (2.6) indicates that (1/MR), a measure of flexibility, is a very sensitive function of diameter, d. If we take a 25 xm diameter nylon fiber as a quintessential example of a flexible fibei we can compute the diameter of various other fibers that will be required to have a flexibility equal to that of a 25 pm diameter nylon fiber. Figure 2.11 shows this. It follows from this curve that, given a sufficiently small diameter, it is possible to produce, in principle, an equally flexible fiber from a polymer, a metal, or a ceramic. In other words, one can make very flexible fiber out of a ceramic such as silicon carbide or alumina provided one can make it into a fine enough diameter. Making a fine diameter ceramic fiber, however, can be a formidable problem in ceramic processing. 

Polymer cross-linking has also been achieved with l-arylsulfonyl-4-butyltetrazolin-5-ones (255) and with bistetrazolyl-m -phenylene molecules of this type (72GEP2226525). Tetrazole polymers of type (256) were prepared from thermal reactions of diazides with dinitriles. They are constituted as flexible fibers and have been claimed for use as thermally stable propellant binders and as plastics (68USP3386968). 

Not all of the fibroin protein is in / -sheets. As the amino acid composition in Figure 6.12 shows, fibroin contains small amounts of other, bulky amino acids like valine and tyrosine, which would not fit into the structure shown. These are carried in compact folded regions that periodically interrupt the sheet segments, and they probably account for the amount of stretchiness that silk fibers have. In fact, different species of silkworms produce fibroins with different extents of such non - / -sheet structure and corresponding differences in elasticity. The overall fibroin structure is a beautiful example of a protein molecule that has evolved to perform a particular function — to provide a tough, yet flexible fiber for the silkworm s cocoon or the spider s web. 

However we are not of course dealing with a perfectly flexible fiber but one that has an element of stiffness. The above formula should therefore be modified by a correction factor that is proportional to the root of the Young s modulus and the square of the fiber radius. As this correction factor is in the majority of cases less than 3%, the above equation can be said to be accurate to 3% (on average). 

The newly developed fiber-shaped solar cells have attracted much interest at both academy and industry owing to their angle-independent collection for incident light. Recently, we have developed a series of high-performance and flexible fiber-shaped solar cells by using the imique carbon nanostructure fiber electrodes. Typically, these solar cells are classified in three types, that is, DSSC, PSC, and perovskite solar cell. 

Meanwhile, a more stable fiber-shaped LIB was constructed based on CNT/LTO and CNT/LMO fiber electrodes without substrate. Benefited from the flexible fiber electrodes, the resulting fiber-shaped full LIB exhibited even a better flexibility and can be bent into... 

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