Flavin adenine dinucleotide electron-transfer flavoprotein

Redox-active cofactors are important species in biological systems, playing vital roles in redox and electron-transfer processes. Among the structurally and functionally diverse redox enzymes, flavoproteins containing the flavin cofactors flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) or flavin mononucleotide (FMN) are involved in many different biochemical processes serving as a highly versatile redox... [Pg.316]

GTP = 5 -guanosine triphosphate AE = Activating enzyme BAN = Backbone amide nitrogen BioB = Biotin synthase CD = Circular dichroism cyt = Cytochrome DFT = Density functional theory DMSO = Dimethylsulfoxide Dx = Desulforedoxin ENDOR = Electron-nuclear double resonance EPR = Electron paramagnetic resonance ESEEM = Electron-spin echo envelop modulation ETF = Electron transferring flavoprotein EXAFS = Extended x-ray absorption fine structure FAD = Flavin adenine dinucleotide Fd = Ferredoxin FMN = Flavin mononucleotide FNR = Fumarate-nitrate reduction FTIR =... [Pg.2298]

Riboflavin, also called vitamin B2, is stmcturally composed of an isoafloxazine ring with a ribityl side chain at the nitrogen at position 10. This vitamin functions metabol-icafly as the essoitial component of two flavin coenzymes, flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and flavin mononucleotide (FMN), complexed with proteins, which act as intmnediaries in transfers of electrons in biological oxidation-reduction reactions. Both FAD and FMN function as coenzymes for flavoproteins of flavoenzymes. Flavoproteins are essoitial for the metabolism of carbohydrates, amino acids, and lipids and for pyridoxine and folate conversion to their respective coenzyme forms. [Pg.409]

ACP = acyl carrier protein ACPA D = ACPA desat-urase AlkB = octane 1-monooxygenase AOX = alternative oxidase DMQ hydroxylase = 5-demethoxyquinone hydroxylase EXAFS = extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy FMN = flavin mononucleotide FprA = flavoprotein A (flavo-diiron enzyme homologue) Hr = hemerythrin MCD = magnetic circular dichroism MME hydroxylase = Mg-protophorphyrin IX monomethyl ester hydroxylase MMO = methane monooxygenase MMOH = hydroxylase component of MMO NADH = reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide PAPs = purple acid phosphatases PCET = proton-coupled electron transfer, PTOX = plastid terminal oxidase R2 = ribonucleotide reductase R2 subunit Rbr = rubrerythrin RFQ = rapid freeze-quench RNR = ribonucleotide reductase ROO = rubredoxin oxygen oxidoreductase XylM = xylene monooxygenase. [Pg.2229]